GREEN EMOTION - Adaptation of E-mobility Infrastructure to Mass-Market-Requirements

1. GREEN EMOTION - Adaptation of E-mobility Infrastructure to Mass-Market-Requirements Heike BARLAG Christine SCHWAEGERL Will CROOKES Siemens AG – Germany Siemens AG – Germany Alstom Grid – UK Heike.Barlag@siemens.comChristine.Schwaegerl@siemens.comwill.crookes@alstom.com Fainan HASSAN Sebastian MATHAR Astom Grid – UK fka – Germany fainan.hassan@alstom.commathar@fka.de www.greenemotion-project.eu FP7 call TRANSPORT - 2010 TREN -1 42 partners, 42 Mio € Budget Project Duration: March 2011 – February 2015 funded by:

2. Project Consortium Industries: Alstom, Better Place, Bosch, IBM, SAP, Siemens Utilities:Danish Energy Association, EDF, Endesa, Enel, ESB, Eurelectric, Iberdrola, RWE, PPC Electric Vehicle Manufacturers:BMW, Daimler, Micro-Vett, Nissan, Renault Municipalities:Barcelona, Berlin, Bornholm, Copenhagen, Cork, Dublin, Malaga, Malmö, RomeResearch Institutions and Universities: Cartif, Cidaut, CTL, DTU, ECN, Imperial, IREC, RSE, TCD, Tecnalia EV Technology Institutions: DTI, FKA, TÜV Nord + External Stakeholders to facilitate the access to information not held by the consortium, to disseminate Green eMotion knowledge and encourage its application outside the consortium

3. Aim of Green eMotion Green eMotion aims to contribute to standardisation for EVs • Implementation of a single user-friendly framework for electromobility • Holistic approach as system integrating the elements ICT,services, interoperable equipment (vehicles and recharging infrastructure), grid infrastructure as well as policies, incentives and urban mobility concepts to ensure a smooth and efficient interaction and in the end a self explaining overall market system.

4. Administrative WP – Dissemination (WP10), Project Management (WP11) Ongoing demon-stration projects Technical WP EU-wide inventory EU-wide demonstration WP3 Electromoblity services / ICT solutions WP8 WP1 Synchronisation of demonstration regions Green eMotion framework demonstration WP4 Grid EV-olution WP5 WP2 Recharging infrastructure Urban electro- mobility concepts WP6 G4V, MERGE, EDISON EV technology validation Demonstration WP WP7: Harmonisation of technology & standards WP9: Technical, environmental, economic and social evaluation Subject: Integrated European demonstration on electro-mobility – Vehicles, infrastructure, grid, IT applications, user acceptance Work structure

5. Demonstration Regions Berlin # EVs: 100 # Charging spots: 3600 Special features: Largest integrated project world-wide testing business models and consumer behaviour Karlsruhe/Stuttgart # EVs: 40 Special features: Smart Grid features, optimised bi-directional charging, cross- border connection with Strasbourg Copenhagen, Bornholm, Malmö # EVs: 2,500 – 3,500 # Charging spots: 3300 - 4500 Special Features: Battery swapping, cross-boarder traffic Strasbourg # EVs: 100 Special features: Plug-in hybrid vehicles, cross boarder connection with Karlsruhe / Stuttgart Copenhagen / Bornholm/ Malmö Dublin Ireland (Dublin, Cork) # Electric Vehicles (EVs): 2,000 # Charging spots: 3525 (private and public) Special features: DC charging stations, kWh billing system, supplier choice Berlin Cork Karlsruhe/Stuttgart Italy (Rome, Pisa) # EVs: 100 # Charging spots: 400 Special features: System approach enabling innovative services and user interfaces, kWh billing system, alternative business models testing Strasbourg Budapest Gipuzkoa Pisa Madrid # EVs: 10 # Charging spots: 210 Special features: Advanced RES integration studies, smart grid integration etc. Rome Barcelona Madrid Kozani Malaga Barcelona # EVs: 500 # Charging spots: 700 Special features: Electric mobility service citizen office, Large e-motorbike demonstration, EVS27 Malaga # EVs: 30 # Charging spots: 50 Special features: Embedment in Smart City concept, V2G, B2G, DC charging stations (Potential) replication region Existing demonstration region Municipalities involved in Green eMotion

6. Charging infrastructure Charging infrastructure solutions covered by Green eMotion • AC recharging • DC fast charging • Inductive recharging • Battery swapping infrastructures with additional focus on • Smart Grids integration of recharging infrastructure • Infrastructure standardisation and interoperability

7. Charging infrastructure Charging times for different levels of chargers assuming 80% charging efficiency, average consumption of 17 kWh/100 km and 150 km driving distance Characteristics fast charging (Level 3) • Charging power: 50kW up to 150kW • For commercial and public applications • Intended to perform similar to a commercial gasoline service station • Car charger should be available at any time

8. Infrastructue Requirements for Fast Charging MVDC system for fast chargers LVDC system for fast chargers • Standardization efforts focusing on the connectors and communication protocols for all charging levels (e.g. SAE J-1772 and IEC 61851). • Power system infrastructure supplying chargers has not yet been properly addressed; but, is the most demanding regarding system infrastructure requirements

9. Wireless Battery Charging • Contactless battery charging system does not require any manual plugging/unplugging of the connector by the consumer • Energy transfer takes place in a contactless, fully automated manner based on a transfer module mounted on the underside of the vehicle Basic layout of a contactless battery charging system

10. Wireless Battery Charging Schematic of the energy transfer system EMC and environmental issues Requirement: no high-strength magnetic fields during the contactless energy transfer to prevent any interference of nearby systems and components and assure the security of people and animals

11. Wireless Battery Charging • ICNIRP (International Commission On Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection):frequency range typically used is 20-200 kHz -> upper limit of 27 µT specified for a complete body exposure for civilians Standards required • Geometry (e.g. diameter) of the primary and secondary coils • System operating frequency • Primary and secondary reactive power compensation topologies Measures for avoiding potential negative impacts of electric vehicles on distribution networks will be demonstrated in Ireland

12. Concept of Green eMotion Summary Mass Market (start) • Standardised solutions for vehicles infrastructure, network and IT applications available • Preconditions and user acceptance established National / Regional Projects • Proof technology (equipment level) • Test of operation and billing • First business models • Initial local consumer awareness Green eMotion EU-wide market roll out • Connection of national / regional projects • Market place • Interoperability and standards EU Project Green eMotion • Proof of interoperability • Future proofing of protocols and interfaces • Introduction marketplace and advanced services • Wider consumer awareness and acceptance Legislative support Incentivising policies and regulation Consumer incentives