Scotland’s Climate Change Declaration & Local Footprints Project: Measuring Progress

1. Scotland’s Climate Change Declaration & Local Footprints Project: Measuring Progress George Tarvit Development Manager, SSN Chair of the SLACCP Development Group

2. Overview • Scene setting: local government and climate change 2006-2008 • Local authority data: building emissions profiles and using the right tools for the job • Local Footprints Project: supporting local authority action on area-wide emissions • The Way Forward: some very recent developments

3. 2006 Developments Scotland’s CC Programme published, including a commitment to work with COSLA and SSN to develop a ‘Scottish Local Authority CC Programme’ (SLACCP) by end of 2007. SCCD & potential emissions reduction indicators (and targets)

4. 2006 SLACCP DG Established • The Development Group met for first time in June 2006, with a membership of: • Scottish Government • COSLA • SOLACE • Improvement Service • SSN • SNIFFER • Carbon Trust • Energy Saving Trust • UK Climate Impacts Programme

5. 2006 Programmes and Resources Scotland’s Global Footprint Project REAP used to map area-wide consumption-based emissions, to develop scenarios and to assess efficacy of policy interventions. North Lanarkshire Council, Aberdeen City Council and Aberdeenshire Council. Shetland also bought in to REAP. Carbon Trust LA Carbon Management Programme Focused on LA estates/services. Strategic approach developed through SSN engagement from Sept 2006. Mitigation Tools Proliferation SSN Sept Quarterly profiled multiple approaches available to local authorities. This led to the SNIFFER Research on CC Tools in 2007. An Inconvenient Truth!

6. 2007 Developments SCCD developed and launched on 16th January 2007 All LAs signed up to in first quarter of 2007 A voluntary initiative to secure and promote political and corporate leadership on CC mitigation & adaptation. • Declaration Commitments address: • Emissions from own estate & operations. • Incorporation of emissions-reduction into strategies, plans and programmes. • Emission reduction engagement with local community / area. + annual reporting

7. 2008 Key Developments Climate Change Bill Consultation 5.9 It is considered that the only workable option is to set a target based on the emissions that we produce in Scotland. However, what matters for climate change is global emissions, not just Scottish emissions, so this target should always be seen as a proxy for Scotland's impact on global emissions. Scottish policies should be designed to impact on the global emissions Scotland causes, not just those we produce. This may mean that Scottish climate change policies tackle our consumption patterns or encourage technology that may be used overseas. Such measures may not improve Scottish emissions figures, and so may not contribute towards our target, but they will help in the global fight against climate change. These supplementary measures could still be reported upon to Parliament. • National Performance Framework & SOA • Scottish Government Purpose: ’To focus the Government and public services on creating a more successful country, with opportunities for all of Scotland to flourish, through increasing sustainable economic growth’. • Purpose Targets: ‘To reduce emissions over the period to 2011. To reduce emissions by 80% by 2050’ • National Outcomes: ‘We reduce the local and global environmental impact of our consumption and production’ • National Indicators and Targets: ‘National Indicator 32 - Reduce overall ecological footprint’ • Menu of Local Indicators: ‘Council area’s carbon/ecological footprint’

8. Related Scottish Government Priorities • Greener Scotland agenda • Climate Change • Sustainable Places • Sustainable Production & Consumption • Climate Change Fund will focus on community action

9. Scope of the local authority mitigation agenda • Council estate and services (including schools) • Area-wide emissions and how council can influence reductions and give community leadership • Community awareness and action will play critical role (CPPs and schools important) • Households will be key • Personal ‘footprints’ will personalise the agenda and engage individuals. • There needs to be a ‘nesting’ and connection between individual, household, community, area, local authority and community planning partnership measures, indicators and targets. • Can we imagine the ‘Stirlingshire Climate Change Emissions Profile’ around which all local authority, CPP, community, household, and individual understanding and action could be coordinated – and on which national and local interventions (i.e. the ESSACs) could be focused? • Can we imagine all 32 local authority area emissions profiles being consistently measured and comparable – thereby enabling collective decision-making?

10. Indicators - Coordination and Alignment Coordination and Alignment Potential

11. SNIFFER CC Tools Research – Nov 2007

12. Calculating Baseline 1 2 3 4 5 Mobilise the organisation Set baseline, forecast & targets Identify & quantify options Finalise strategy & implementation plan Implement the plan Builds a Baseline of council own operations – direct emissionsTwenty Four Councils Participating in ScotlandCouncils taking action and hiring new staff to reduce their own estate emissionsSouth Lanarkshire, Carbon Management Officer Local Authority Carbon Management Programme

13. Parallel Initiatives GRIP – the Greenhouse Gas Regional Inventory Project • Glasgow & Clyde Valley Structure Plan engagement • SEPA/Scottish Enterprise engagement • Recent SEPA-facilitated GRIP workshops in Scotland • Is a dynamic consensus-building and communications tool • Can be used to help strategic partners understand the underlying assumptions, limits and opportunities for area-wide emissions reductions.

14. Developments in England – LA Indicators NI 185 CO2 reduction from Local Authority operations PSA 27 (based on Carbon Trust Programme) NI 186 Per capita CO2 emissions in the LA area PSA 27 (under development by AEA)

15. EU-ETS Agriculture Industry Refineries Power Stations Gas Production Solid Fuel Production Business & Public Sector + end user emissions Domestic Large Industrial Processes: Chemical Cement Iron and Steel Transport Included Excluded Motorways National Indicator 186 - boundaries Source: Justin Goodwin, AEA Technologies

16. REAP: Resources & Energy Analysis Programme • Consumption-focused inclusive of indirect emissions • Holds a database of all UK LA carbon footprints • Enables LAs to develop scenarios to achieve CO2 and ecological footprint reductions • Nine LAs with software • Aberdeen City Council • Aberdeenshire Council • City of Edinburgh • Dundee City Council • East Lothian Council • Fife Council • North Lanarkshire Council • Shetland Islands Council • South Lanarkshire Council

17. REAP : Scottish Local Authority Carbon Footprints

18. REAP : Scottish Local Authority Carbon Footprints

19. From Scotland’s Footprint to Local Footprints Local Footprints is a joint project between, WWF Scotland and the Sustainable Scotland Network Funding and support from Eco Schools Scotland, the Improvement Service, the Scottish Government and ScottishPower.

20. From Scotland’s Footprint to Local Footprints • Goal • To assist Local Authorities and schools in making • a meaningful contribution to reducing Scotland’s footprint • Supporting and training LAs using REAP Targets • 25% of local authorities have footprint reduction targets • 30% schools taking action to reduce their school’s footprint • Currently 11 Local Authorities involved: • Since 2004: North Lanarkshire, Aberdeen City, Aberdeenshire, Shetland Islands. • Since 2007: Edinburgh, South Lanarkshire, Fife, Dundee, Stirling, West Lothian, West Dunbartonshire. • Nine more to follow in 2008-9

21. Area Emissions Profiles - The Cutting Edge • Area-wide Emissions Workshop - 20th March 2008 • AEA, SEI-Y, Tyndall Centre • SLACCP Development Group & Local Footprints Project • SDC and Improvement Service hosted • Scotland’s Unique Opportunity • SCC Declaration, SOAs & the SCC Bill • Ability to establish consistent ‘Local Area Emissions Profiles’ for use by Scottish local authorities, their CPPs and their communities • Transparent presentation of AEA production and REAP consumption measures that link to CC target and consumption indicator at national level. SSN now working with AEA and SEI-Y to progress this agenda.

22. Reading Across Data: REAP and AEA English LA indicator 186 derived from this dataset. Allocated Energy production emissions to users of energy. Excludes shipping, motorways and EUETS processes. 2) Domestic UK emissions due to export ONS Air Accounts: But including correction for UK residents overseas and foreign combustion of fuels on UK. UK Kyoto, Climate Change Programme and Energy White Paper Emissions 1,2,5a,5b 1) Domestic UK emissions due to UK final consumption 5a) UK residential emissions due to travel LA CO2 emissions (1x1km): With some modifications to account for detailed distributions needed. 5b) UK residential emissions not due to travel (e.g. housing) 1 + 3a + 4a + 5a + 5b SEI REAP Model Emissions Scottish LA Carbon Footprints derived from this dataset 3a) Imported emissions to domestic industry due to UK final consumption 4a) Imported emissions direct to final demand due to UK final consumption • AEA NI186 accounts for any emissions that are released inside the UK, respective of their purpose. • SEI REAP accounts the total emissions related to UK consumption, respective of where they occurred. Work in Progress: AEA Technologies, SEI-Y, Tyndall Centre

23. Next Steps "The definition of genius is the ability to make the complex simple“ Albert Einstein • Local authority own-estate, direct emissions – Carbon Trust = target • Local area emissions profile – AEA and REAP based = indicator • Local Climate Impacts Profile – UKCIP based = adaptation indicator SLACCP and the Local Footprints Project are well-established, local authority-supported initiatives through which this agenda can be progressed. Carbon Counting Initiative - Consider how task/sector specific carbon counting approaches relate and add value to this simplified, ingenious approach to monitoring local government progress.

24. More information www.sustainable-scotland.net