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Purpose of Subsurface Exploration. Locate Water TableEvaluate Load Bearing CapacityPredict Lateral Earth PressuresSelect Type
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1. Subsurface Exploration Identify Type, Depth and Location of Underlying Soil Layers
Determine Physical Characteristics of Soil Layers
2. Purpose of Subsurface Exploration Locate Water Table
Evaluate Load Bearing Capacity
Predict Lateral Earth Pressures
Select Type & Depth of Foundation
Estimate Settlements
Determine Potential Problems
Establish Construction Methods
3. Exploration Program Collect Existing Structure Information
Collect Existing Subsoil Information
Reconnaissance of Proposed Site
Detailed Site Investigation
4. Existing Structure Information Type of Structure and Future Use
Local Building Codes
Column Loads
Load-Bearing Wall Loads
Span Length for Bridges
Pier & Abutment Loads
5. Existing Subsurface Information Geologic Survey maps (USGS)
County Soil Maps (USDA-SCS)
DOT Soils Manuals
Soil reports for nearby structures
6. Field Reconnaissance Visual inspection of site and surrounding areas
Vegetation types
Site accessibility
Nature of surface drainage
Open cuts in nearby areas
Inspection of nearby structures
7. Detailed Site Investigation Test borings to collect disturbed and/or undisturbed samples for visual and laboratory investigation
Number and depth of borings based on project type, depth of stress influence
8. Types of Borings Auger Borings
Rotary Drilling
Wash Borings
9. Auger Boring