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Bogotá, Colombia. Jorge Acevedo Universidad de los Andes Bogotá. Bogotá Today (1). Population: ~7 million, growing 2.2% p.a. ~1 m private vehicles. (1998-2000 ~2.5% p.a. 2001 onwards ~5.5 %) ~35,000 buses, minibuses and colectivos, most of them old (average age over 14 years)
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Bogotá, Colombia Jorge Acevedo Universidad de los Andes Bogotá
Bogotá Today (1) • Population: ~7 million, growing 2.2% p.a. • ~1 m private vehicles. (1998-2000 ~2.5% p.a. 2001 onwards ~5.5 %) • ~35,000 buses, minibuses and colectivos, most of them old (average age over 14 years) • ~10,000 of them illegal. • ~70,000 taxis, ~15,000 of them illegal Excessive numbers constitute overt oversupply.
Bogota Today (2) • ~18 million total trips per day • ~14 million motorized trips • ~4.5 million private + taxi (32%) • ~9.5 million public transport (68%) Of these, TransMilenio first phase serves 800,000 trips (730,000 former public, 70,000 former private)
Public transport organization • ~35,000 buses + minibuses + colectivos • ~35,000 drivers • >35,000 public vehicle owners These are organized around 65 “public transport companies” that “affiliate” the vehicles, to let them serve the company’s licensed routes. Affiliation costs a down payment and monthly payments.
Bogota policies managing demand “Pico y placa”: restriction to operate through vehicle license plate last digit. • Private transport: 40% restricted daily, Monday through Friday, from 7-9 am and 5-7 pm • Public (inc. taxis): 20% restricted daily, Monday through Saturday, the whole day. >200 km of bicycle paths
TRANSMILENIO S.A. ALCALDIA MAYOR DE BOGOTA Planeación, Gestión y Control Modelo Conceptual de TransMilenio • Infraestructura suministrada por el Estado • Troncales • Estaciones • Patios y Talleres • Infraestructura Complementaria • Centro de Control • Operación suministrada por el S. Privado • Buses Transporte Masivo • Empresas • Empleados • Servicios Troncales • Servicios Alimentadores • Recaudo suministrado por el S. Privado • Equipos • Tarjetas • Manejo Fiduciario PLANEACION
Etapa 1 Etapa 2 Autopista Norte NQS Caracas Av. Suba Calle 80 Américas Corredor Férreo Sur Corredores Exclusivos de TransMilenio Etapas I y II (2000-2006) PLANEACION
BOGOTA 2016 PLANEACION
The challenge: remaining public transport Ongoing policy decrees aim at: • Bus companies must lease vehicles from owners • Companies must operate their fleet, collect fares, contract drivers, maintain vehicles • Electronic vehicle license allows street detection and retention of illegal vehicles • Part of fare goes to a fund to purchase old vehicles and destroy them