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The story of the U.S. Constitution

The story of the U.S. Constitution. Liberty Tree. Continental Congress. Articles of Confederation. Town Hall Meetings. House of Burgesses. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. Mayflower Compact. English Bill of Rights. Magna Carta. Liberty Tree. U.S. Constitution. Structure and Function.

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The story of the U.S. Constitution

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  1. The story of the U.S. Constitution Liberty Tree

  2. Continental Congress Articles of Confederation Town Hall Meetings House of Burgesses Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Mayflower Compact English Bill of Rights Magna Carta Liberty Tree U.S. Constitution

  3. Structure and Function At the Constitutional Convention, the delegates created a new plan for the U.S. government that focused on two things.

  4. Structureis the framework of our government. Structure

  5. What do you notice about the structure of a tree? structure limbs branches leaves tree bark root system

  6. Legislative Executive Judicial The government structure has three branches. three

  7. Legislative Branch: Structure Structure Bicameral = made of two houses • Senate (100) • 2 per state • 6-year terms • House of Reps (435) • based on population • 2-year terms Elected by the people

  8. Executive Branch:Structure Structure • President (4-year term) • Vice-President • Cabinet Members • Appointees Cabinet = group of advisors

  9. Executive Branch:Structure Structure Secretaryof State Vice-President President Joe Biden Barack Obama Hillary Clinton

  10. Judicial Branch: Structure Structure • U. S. Supreme Court (life-terms) • District Courts (appointed) • County and Local Courts (elected)

  11. What is the function of a tree? function home for some animals providesshade holdssoilinplace

  12. The preamble to the Constitution tells the function or WHAT the government does for the people. • ensure domestic tranquility • provide for the common defense • promote the general welfare • establish justice • secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves, and our posterity

  13. Legislative Branch: Function-Make Laws People discuss ideas and tell representatives in Congress. Bill becomes a law if approved by both houses and signed by the President Idea may become a bill (proposed law)in the House of Representatives or Senate. U.S. Congress

  14. Ensures that the laws arecarried out • Elected by the people and the electoral college system Executive Branch:Function The White House

  15. Judicial Branch: Function • Interpretsthe laws (decides if laws are fair) • Tries civil and criminal cases in lower courts Nine justices on U.S. Supreme Court • Appointed byPresidentand approved byCongress Supreme Court

  16. Supreme Court Congress President Each branch checks and balances the other branches. = =

  17. Checks and Balances Judicial branch can declare a law unconstitutional Legislative branch can override presidential veto with a 2/3 vote Legislative branch makes laws Legislative branch can remove judges from office Executive branch can veto law

  18. Executive branch appoints Supreme Court justices Legislativebranch hastoapprovetheappointmentofthejustices

  19. Legislative branch can remove president from office House of Representatives brings charges against the President (impeach) Senate holds a trial and 2/3 vote needed to remove President from office

  20. The structure and function of our government are based on seven basic principles.

  21. Federalism Republicanism Individual rights Checks and balances Popular sovereignty Separation of powers Limited powers of Government Seven Basic Principles of the Constitution

  22. = = Separation of powersdivides the operation of government into three equal branches.

  23. “Popular” means people.. “Sovereignty”comes from “sovereign” which means ruler. Popular sovereignty =people choose In other words…

  24. Popular sovereignty is the belief that the people hold the final authority in government.

  25. Each branch of the government checks and balances, or monitors, the power of the other two branches.

  26. Individual rights are the basic liberties and rights that are guaranteed in the first 10 amendments to the Constitution, the Bill of Rights. These individual rights have been extended through subsequent amendments to the Constitution. Examples Freedom of speech Freedom of press Freedom of religion Right to a trial by jury

  27. Republicanism is a philosophy of limited government in which elected representatives serve at the will of the people. Examples State legislatures Congress

  28. Federalism is the division and sharing of powers between the state and national government. • State Powers • provide for education • conduct elections • provide public safety • regulate trade in state • National Powers • maintain armed forces • coin money • declare war • make foreign policy

  29. Powers Shared by National and State Governments • raise taxes • administer criminal justice • provide for public welfare • charter banks • borrow money

  30. Rooted in these seven principles, the U.S. Constitution has endured since 1787. This living document protects the rights of the individuals by limiting the power of the government.

  31. Since King George III had unlimited power, the writers of the U.S. Constitution wanted “we the people” to put limits on the government. The Constitution outlined exactly what the government could do.

  32. The U.S. Constitution has sevenarticles that explain the structure and function of the government.

  33. Article 1: Legislative Branch Article 2: Executive Branch Article 3: Judicial Branch Article 4: Relations Among States Article 5: Amending the Constitution Article 6: National Supremacy Article 7: Ratification

  34. The Tree of Liberty The foundation of our government and the supreme law of the land

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