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Scientific Revolution. Medieval View of the World. Primarily religious and theological Political theory based on divine right of kings Society largely governed by Church views, traditions, and practices Superstition played major role in the lives of the people
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Medieval View of the World • Primarily religious and theological • Political theory based on divine right of kings • Society largely governed by Church views, traditions, and practices • Superstition played major role in the lives of the people • Scientific thought in the early 16th century was still based on Medieval ideas
Causes of Scientific Revolution • Medieval Universities provided the framework • By 1300, philosophy had become an accepted discipline • Medieval philosophers developed a degree of independence from theologians and as sense of free inquiry • Leading universities established new professorships of math, astronomy, and physics • Major scientific figures either studied or taught at universities
Causes of Scientific Revolution • The Renaissance stimulated science by rediscovering ancient mathematics • Renaissance patronage was often scientific as well as artistic and humanistic
Causes of Scientific Revolution • Navigational problems on sea voyages in the age of overseas expansion created a need for scientific advances • New instruments: telescopes, barometers, thermometers, pendulum clock, microscope, and air pump • Gresham College, England • Scientists worked closely with top officials in the Royal Navy and leading merchants and shipbuilders
Causes of Scientific Revolution • Scientific methodology • Francis Bacon formalized empirical, experimental research • Rene Descartes emphasized deductive reasoning