Control of Hazardous Energy OSHA Standard 29CFR1910.147

1. Lockout / Tagout Control of Hazardous Energy OSHA Standard 29CFR1910.147 MIOSHA PART 85 - The Control of Hazardous Energy Sources

2. Case Study #1 An employee was cleaning the unguarded side of an operating granite saw. The employee was caught in the moving parts of the saw and pulled into a nip point between the saw blade and the idler wheel resulting in fatal injuries.

3. Case Study #2 A trainee employee was cleaning a flour batch mixer. The employee was reaching into the machine when another worker activated the wrong switch turning the machine on. The employee cleaning the mixer suffered fatal crushing injuries to his neck. There was an unwritten company procedure for locking out during all maintenance. The procedure was not followed.

4. Case Study #3 An employee was cleaning scrap from beneath a large shear when a fellow employee hit the control button activating the blade. The blade came down and decapitated the employee cleaning the scrap.

5. WHAT DO ALL OF THESE LOSSES HAVE IN COMMON?

6. FAILURE TO LOCKOUT / TAGOUT

7. You will learn… • Four E’s of LOTO • Purpose of LOTO • Requirements for LOTO • Types of Hazardous Energy • Procedures for LOTO

8. Four E’s of LOTO E • Energy • Engineering • Education • Enforcement E E E

9. Energy • More than just switching a machine on/off • Energy is dangerous when it is strong enough to injure your body • Types of energy include: • Kinetic • Potential

10. Types of Energy • Electrical • Mechanical • Thermal • Hydraulic • Pneumatic

11. Mechanical Energy Hazards 2 Types • Kinetic - In Motion • Potential - Stored

12. Kinetic Energy Hazards Energy of moving machinery can cause: • Amputations • Lacerations • Fractures • Loss of life

13. Potential Energy Hazards • Energy stored in machinery • Weights & Springs • Pistons under pressure • Hydraulic controls Stored potential energy can be released during work causing injury or death

14. Chemical Hazards Some chemicals can: • Start fires • Cause skin burns • Generate harmful gases, vapors, or fumes Before working – release, drain, or vent chemicals safely

15. Thermal Energy Hazards Hazards of Heat and Cold • Hot equipment and fluids can burn you • Very cold fluids can cause injury • Quick release of compressed gases can freeze your skin • Allow equipment to reach a safe temperature before starting work

16. Hydraulic Energy Energy of Liquids Under Pressure • Pressure can cause equipment to move • Rapid release can cause injury • Rapid release can also cause the ejection of system parts Relieve pressure slowly into a proper container

17. Pneumatic Energy Hazards Energy of Compressed Gases • Uncontrolled release can cause injury • Rapid depressurization can create extremely low temperatures Properly vent all systems before starting work

18. Engineering • Do not bypass safety devices - they are designed for your protection! • Engineered mechanisms built into machines for your safety include: • Mechanical guards • Mechanical stops (pins, valves) • Point-of-Operation guards • Interlocks • Light curtains

19. Education • Know all places hazardous energy releases might occur on each machine you are working on. • Make sure people in the area know were all energy sources are located. • Review and follow the written OCC Lockout/Tagout Program.

20. First Step In LOTO Know your equipment and systems • Hazards • Isolation points • Machine-specific procedures for lockout / tagout Working on unfamiliar machinery is a hazard

21. When is LOTO necessary? • To prevent unexpected start-up during service/maintenance • There is the potential for the hazardous release of stored energy • Safety devices are bypassed for service • Body is exposed to hazardous energy • Clearing jams • Electrical repairs

22. Energy Isolation • Machine specific LOTO instructions • Required if more than one power source involved • Identifies isolation points • Many different scenarios possible • LOTO devices are assigned to specific affected employees

23. Use Safe Electrical Practices • Use non-conducting tools • Check that circuits are dead before working • Lock & Tag source breakers, not switches • Ensure all control power is de-energized • Discharge all capacitors after Lockout

24. Energy Isolation • Identify potential sources of hazardous energy release • Identify method(s) for isolating the energy • Document procedures for each piece of equipment

25. Enforcement • Know the results of tampering with or not following complete LOTO procedures: • LOTO procedures have been established to protect OCC employees from serious injury or death. • Failure to comply with OCC LOTO policies and procedures can result in disciplinary actions up to, and including, dismissal.

26. Who Can Lockout Equipment? Employees who have been trained and authorized by management ONLY!

27. Contractors All contract employees must follow OCC LOTO procedures!

28. Items Needed for LOTO • Written LOTO schedule • Locks & Tags - specific to the worker • Hasps - for placing locks & tags • Breaker Clips - for electrical LOTO • Blank Flanges (Pancakes) - for fluid lines • Valve Covers - for LOTO of valves • Plug Buckets - for electrical plugs

29. Use of Locks and Tags • Use only those issued to you • Never use another worker’s lock or tag • Ask your supervisor if you need more LOTO equipment

30. Who Can Remove Locks and Tags? The employee who placed the tag or A supervisor, after obtaining permission from the worker who placed the tag NO EXCEPTIONS!

31. Q: A piece of equipment already has a lock and tag.  Do I have to place my own locks and tags? Frequently Asked Questions A: YES.  Each person working on the equipment must place their own locks and tags to ensure their safety.

32. Procedures for Lockout / Tagout Remember • Know your equipment and systems before proceeding • Hazards • Isolation points • Procedures for Lockout Working on unfamiliar machinery is a hazard!

33. 6 Step LOTO Procedure • Prepare for shutdown • Shut down equipment • Isolate all energy sources • Place Locks and Tags • Release stored energy • Verify equipment isolation

34. 1  Prepare for Shutdown • Understand equipment hazards • Notify other workers of shutdown

35. 2  Shutdown Equipment • Use normal shutdown procedures • Turn all switches to OFF • Shut all control valves • Disable all sources of energy

36. 3  Isolate All Energy Sources • Shut valves • Open breakers and disconnects

37. 4 Place Locks & Tags On • Shut off and lock valves • Deactivate and lock breakers / electrical disconnects • Block or disconnect all lines • Lock and tag blank flanges

38. 5  Release or Block All Stored Energy • Discharge capacitors • Block or release springs • Block elevated parts • Stop rotating flywheels • Relieve system pressure • Drain fluids • Vent gases • Allow system to cool

39. 6  Verify Equipment Isolation • Ensure that all other workers are clear • Check that locking devices are securely placed • Check isolation • Attempt normal startup (should fail!) • Return controls to OFF/Neutral

40. Release from Locked Out / Tagged Out Status • Inspect area and equipment • Ensure all machine guards are in place • Move tools away from equipment • Inform others of startup • Restore system connections • Remove Locks & Tags • Restore equipment to normal operating parameters • Conduct normal startup

41. Lockout / Tagout Protects YOU! Use Proper Lockout / Tagout Procedures