Lockout/Tagout (Control of Hazardous Energy)

1. Lockout/Tagout (Control of Hazardous Energy) Suzanne Reister/Paula Vanderpool North Central ESD 171 509-667-7100/7110

2. PURPOSE To acquaint you with DOSH’s lockout and tagout rules, WAC 296-803, as they apply to school districts.

3. What will be covered • Energy sources • LO/TO definitions • Lockout devices • Energy Control program requirements • LO/TO procedures • Employee training requirements • Required periodic reviews • How to use the sample plan

4. To whom these provisions apply The requirements apply to the service and maintenance of machines and equipment in which the unexpected energization or start up of the machine or equipment or release of stored energy could cause injury to employees. It establishes the requirements to ensure that equipment or systems are isolated from all potentially hazardous energy and are locked out or tagged out before any employees provide any service or maintenance.

5. Energy sources 1. Electrical • Electricity - live or stored • Live electrical lines • Electrical capacitors 2. Mechanical • Moving machinery parts • Stored mechanical movement machinery • Engines that move machinery parts • Springs

6. Energy sources 3. Chemical Chemical in pipelines under pressure or force or gravity 4. Thermal (hot or cold) Stored heat (steam lines or hot liquid) 5. Hydraulic (pressurized liquid) Hydraulic lifts

7. Energy sources 6. Pneumatic (pressurized gas or air) Pneumatic (air pressure) lines 7. Other energy, including gravity

8. What kinds of injuries can happen from hazardous energy • Electrocution from live parts • Scalding from steam or hot liquids • Chemical burns or poisoning • From machinery: Deep cuts and gashes, crushing injuries, amputations A man working inside a supermarket cardboard compactor was crushed when the unblocked compactor suddenly came down on top of him.

9. Definitions Lockout- The placement of a lockout device on an energy isolating device so that the equipment being controlled cannot be operated until the lockout device is removed. Tagout- The placement of a tagout device to an energy isolating device to indicate that the equipment being controlled may not be operated until the tagout device is removed. Note: Lockout must be used if available.

10. An energy-isolating device • A device that physically prevents transmission or release of energy, such as: • An electrical circuit breaker • A pipeline valve • A machine block • Anything that positively blocks or isolates energy

11. Means to control energy Ways to isolate, secure or block machines and equipment from energy sources * Locks * Adapter pins * Tags * Key blocks * Chains * Blind flanges * Wedges * Cribbing * Self-locking fasteners

12. A lockout device • A device that positively: • Prevents a machine from being started up or turned on, • Prevents a machinery part from moving, • Prevents electrical energizing, • Blocks a pipeline, steam line or air line Lockout devices must be distinctive in design and durable

13. Electrical lockout devices Plug lockout device Note - There is an exemption for electrical cords if always under the control of the servicing employee. Locked out circuit breaker (permanent system) Locked out electrical panel (group lockout hasp)

14. Fluid & gas lockout devices Airline quick disconnect lockout Gate valve cover Pneumatic lockout device Pipe flange Ball valve lockout device

15. Tagout • Tags are warning devices only. • They don’t provide the same level of protection as lockout devices. • They can only be removed by an authorized person. • They must be legible, securely attached and resistant to degradation.

16. Energy Control Program • Must be written • Include the scope, purpose, authorization, rules and techniques to control hazardous energy • Include specific energy control procedures • Designate facility specific lockout and tagout devices • Delineate employee training • Inform contractors of district’s procedures • Annually review effectiveness of lockout and tagout procedures

17. Energy control procedures • Used to protect employees servicing or maintaining equipment from potentially hazardous energy. • A lockout system must be used if an energy-isolating device can be locked out. If not, a tagout system must be used. • Similar machines and equipment may be covered by a single written procedure if they use the same types of energy, they have similar controls, they are identified by type and location. • Order new equipment so it can be locked out.

18. Energy control procedures • Must clearly and specifically outline the scope, purpose, authorization, rules and techniques to control hazardous energy and how you’ll make sure employees follow the procedures. • Specify: • When the procedure must be used • What the procedures are for shutting down, isolating, blocking and securing the equipment and for placing, removing, and transferring lockout or tagout devices and who is responsible for them • How to test the equipment to verify effectiveness of lockout/tagout

19. Energy control procedures - exemption Written energy control procedures are not required if all these are true: • The equipment has only one energy source • Locking out the single energy source completely deenergizes it • There is no stored or residual energy • The single energy source can be locked out with a single lockout device • The equipment is isolated and locked out during service or maintenance • The authorized employee performing the service or maintenance has exclusive control of the lockout device • Service or maintenance doesn’t create a hazard for other employees • The equipment has never unexpectedly energized or activated during service or maintenance.

20. School equipment that may require lockout/tagout • HVAC equipment, fans and heater • Motorized equipment • Boilers and pressure vessels • Hard-wired electrical lights • Pumps and pressurized tanks • Hard-wired shop equipment • Kitchen equipment • Overhead lights and electrical outlets

21. Lockout/tagout is required When someone will be servicing or repairing machinery or equipment AND the unexpected machinery start-up or release of stored energy could cause injury This includes installing, constructing, adjusting, modifying, unjamming, cleaning, lubrication, inspecting, and/or setup.

22. Notify employees 1 Shut down equipment 2 Isolate energy 3 Attach lockout device 4 Release stored energy 5 Verify lockout 6 Lockout/tagout procedures 1. Notify affected employees that machine or equipment will be shut down and locked/tagged out 2. Shut down the machinery or equipment 3. Isolate energy sources with energy-isolating devices 4. Lockout/tagout energy-isolating devices with assigned locks/tags 5. Release or restrain stored or residual energy 6. Test machinery to make sure it can’t start up before starting work Then begin work!

23. Startup procedures(Removing LO/TO devices) • Only the authorized employee can do startup • All are warned to stay clear • Remove all tools, locks and tags • Remove, reverse, open or reactivate isolating devices • Visually check that all is clear • Start up machine, process or line flow

24. Other lockout/tagout issues • Considerations for shift changes - • Ensure the orderly transfer of LO/TO • protection and devices • Considerations for employees in groups - • Ensure that everyone uses LO/TO, and that a primary authorized employee is responsible for the group • Contractor or outside service personnel - • Inform outside workers of the district LO/TO procedures and ensure they are followed

25. Who needs training • Authorized employees – People who lock or tag out machines or equipment to perform servicing. • They need in-depth training in hazards and protective systems: • To understand the purpose and function of the ECP • To know energy control procedures • To be able to appropriately use lockout/tagout devices • For each type of equipment or machine serviced • or maintained, to know: • The type and magnitude of energy • The hazards of the energy to be controlled • The methods or means to control the energy

26. Who needs training, continued • Affected employees – People who use machines or equipment on which servicing is performed under lockout/tagout. • Other employees – People who work in the area of locked out machinery or equipment. • These employees need awareness training that includes: • ECP procedures and protective systems being used • Prohibition against bypassing lockout/tagout • Recognize lockout/tagout devices used Note: This awareness training can be done as part of new employee safety orientation

27. Other LO/TO training • Additional required training for tagout • To ensure that employees understand that tags are warning devices only and not as protective as locks • How to use tags, which may be placed differently than locks • Retrain when needed • When new equipment is installed • When energy control procedures are revised • When employees don’t follow EC procedures

28. Periodic reviews of energy control procedures • Required at least annually • Done by an authorized employee (not doing LO/TO at the time) • Review of whether employees follow district energy control procedures • Review both lockout and tagout practices • Document reviews (see sample form)

29. How to modify the sample plan • Add your school district name (and page numbers may be helpful) • Complete “LO/TO Energy Source Determination” forms for all equipment or machines that employees may maintain or service Also: • Determine authorized employees • Establish employee training (for authorized employees and others) • Designate a qualified person to do periodic inspections and annual review

30. Questions? Comments?