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Electronic or Print: Are Scholarly Journals Still Important?

Electronic or Print: Are Scholarly Journals Still Important?. Carol Tenopir, University of Tennessee, USA. Scholarly Journals. Peer-reviewed Have an editorial voice Ongoing publication of articles Published by commercial publisher, scholarly society, or other entity.

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Electronic or Print: Are Scholarly Journals Still Important?

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  1. Electronic or Print:Are Scholarly Journals Still Important? Carol Tenopir, University of Tennessee, USA

  2. Scholarly Journals • Peer-reviewed • Have an editorial voice • Ongoing publication of articles • Published by commercial publisher, scholarly society, or other entity

  3. Why Scholarly Journals are Important 1. Scientists read a lot 2. Information in journals is essential 3. Scientists use many ways to get articles 4. Electronic journals are adopted when it is easier 5. Fields have core journals and peripheral

  4. Data From • 15,000 scientists • All fields of science • University and non-university settings • Over 100 organizations

  5. 1. Scientists Read a Lot

  6. Average Number of Scholarly Article Readings Per Year

  7. Scholarly Article Readings by Work Field • Engineers ~ 72 articles per year • Physicists ~ 204 articles per year • Chemists ~ 276 articles per year • University medical faculty ~ 322 articles per year

  8. Time Spent Reading

  9. Time Spent Reading by Work Field

  10. University Medical Faculty 22 minutes per article Chemists 43 minutes per article Physicists 45 minutes per article Engineers 81 minutes per article Time spent reading per article

  11. 2. The Information Found in Journals Is Essential

  12. What Scientists Are Reading • Approx. 50% of readings contain information that is new to the reader • Over 35% of readings are of articles older than one year • Older articles tend to be more valuable to scientists’ work

  13. Usefulness of Article Content • Achievers read more than others • Many purposes of reading • Journals are important compared with other resources

  14. Value of Article Content • Considerable savings result • Improved productivity, quality, and timeliness of work • Users are “willing to pay” for information in time

  15. 3. Scientists Use a Variety of Ways to Get Journal Articles

  16. Average Annual Price Increase (%) in Scientific Journals

  17. Average Number of Personal Subscriptions to Scholarly Journals

  18. Proportion of Readings of Scholarly Scientific Articles

  19. Sources of reading- ORNL scientists

  20. 4. Scientists Use Electronic Journals When It Is Easier

  21. arXiv.org • Connections averaged 61,000 per day in February 2002 • 35,000 new papers in 2001 • Each article gets an average of 300 downloads per year

  22. E-print Use by ORNL Scientists (2000) • E-prints account for 3.6% of all reading • 1/3 of ORNL scientists are aware of arXiv.org • 1/4 are aware of DOE PrePrint Network

  23. E-print Use by Astronomers (2001) • E-prints account for 21.6% of all reading • 85% of AAS members are aware of arXiv.org or the subset astro-ph • 4.7% aware of DOE PrePrint Network

  24. Bibliographic Database Impact • A strong, linked db leads to journal use • 90% of all Medline searches are in PubMed • Today, the number of PubMed searches ranges from 1/2 to over one million per day • 96.5% of astronomers know and use ADS • Half of them read 6 or more articles per month as a result of ADS use

  25. Reasons for Reading More Separates • Increase in readings 7.5% in 1984 identified by 13.3% in 2000 online searches • Increase in readings 8.6% in 1984 identified by 24.0% in 2000 other persons

  26. ORNLScientists 17.3% Ejournal 3.6% eprints 14% other electronic 35% Total electronic AAS Members 52.7% Ejournal 21.6% eprints 5.3% other electronic 80% Total electronic Electronic Journal Reading

  27. Source (n=99) Percent Personal Print Subscription 41 Library Print Subscription 24 Separate Copy 15 Free Web 6 Electronic Subscription (Library or Personal) 11 Sources of Articles Read: UT Faculty

  28. 5. The Journal Model Is Important for Core Journals

  29. Sources of Readings % and amount of readings from separate copies Scientists appear to be reading from more journals—at least one article per year from approximately 23 journals, up from 13 in the late 1970s and 18 in the mid-1990s. use of personal subscriptions

  30. Aspects of Journal Readings • Scientists read from an increasing number of journals each year • Half are read less than five times • Only one of 26 have over 25 readings • High reading titles form a core in the discipline (varies, but generally 2-6 titles)

  31. Sources of readings by medical faculty

  32. Journals Title Model versus Separate Articles Model

  33. Multiple Co-existing Alternatives • Print journals • E-journals with many links • Articles databases • E-print servers • Authors’ web sites

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