Dorothea Orem Self-Care Deficit Theory

1. Dorothea OremSelf-Care Deficit Theory Presented by: ShoughlahNiaz RN

2. Dorothea Orem • Born in Baltimore, MD in 1914 • Began Nursing Career in Providence Hospital • in Washington DC, received her nursing diploma • Complete BSN in 1939 and her MSN in 1946 at • Catholic University of America • Held Directorship of nursing school and nursing department at • Providence Hospital in Detroit from 1940-1949 • Moved to Indiana and worked for the Indiana State Board of Health • (Biography of Dorothea Orem, 2013)

3. Dorothea Orem • Moved to Washington DC in 1957 at the US Dept of Health as a curriculum consultant to upgrade nursing training • Became Assistant Professor at Catholic University of America in 1959 • Developed her concepts of nursing and self care at Catholic University of America • Began consulting firm in 1970 • Published first book in 1971 “Nursing: Concepts of Practice” • Honorary Doctorates • Died in 2007 (Biography of Dorothea Orem, 2013)

4. Self-care deficit theory • Developed theory to improve quality of nursing and patient ability to meets demands of care • Three components of theory: • Self-care • Self-care deficit • Nursing System • Self-care deficit is core of Orem’s theory because determines when nursing is needed • Main purpose for theory is for patients and families to maintain control of health by actively performing for self (Self Care Deficit of Nursing Theory-Dorothea Orem, 2012)

5. Self-care • Activity of person to do on own in maintaining their health and well-being • When there is demand to care for oneself and that individual is capable to meet that demand, self-care is possible • Concepts: -Self care agency -Therapeutic self care demand -Self care requisites: universal, developmental and health deviation (Self Care Deficit of Nursing Theory-Dorothea Orem, 2012)

6. Self-care deficit • When individual is not capable to meet the demand of care for self, self-care deficit occurs • This is the key to Orem’s theory • Nursing is required in self-care deficit to guide in meeting the demand • 5 methods of helping: • Acting for or doing for patient • Teaching patient • Directing patient • Supporting patient • Providing environment for patient (Self Care Deficit of Nursing Theory-Dorothea Orem, 2012)

7. Nursing system • Addresses and plans how needs of the patient can be met by the nurse, patient and/or both • Three types: • Wholly compensatory system-patients not capable to perform self-care • Partly compensatory system-limited mobility due to illness • Supportive-educative system-patient is capable of learning to perform (Moore, 2013)

8. Purpose of theory • To help and promote patient to perform self-care • Patient can recover faster if they are encouraged to perform self-care tasks to maintain their health and well-being • Theory can apply to all types of nursing ex: rehab, primary care settings, nursing home and elders (Self-Care Deficit Theory, 2013)

9. Dorothea Orem Theory Model Retrieved:https://sites.google.com/site/oremstheory/description-of-the-model

10. Encourage Patients to perform self-care • Geriatric patients- restortativeprograms • Physical, occupational and speech therapy • active ROM can facilitate building strength • Walking- to maintain physical health • ADLs • Staying active • Nurse can meet needs of patients with setting goals and interventions Retrieved from:http://www.agefotostock.com/en/Stock-Images/Low-Budget-Royalty-Free/ESY-000850465

11. References: Biography of Dorothea Orem (2013). Retrieved on October 05, 2013. http://nursingtheories.info/biography-of-dorothea-orem/ Moore, C. (2013). Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Requisites. Retrieved on October 05, 2013. http://www.bellaonline.org/articles/art57906.asp Self Care Deficit of Nursing Theory-Dorothea Orem. Retreived on October 05, 2013. http://fundamentalsnursing.com/self-care-deficit-of-nursing-theory-dorothea-orem Self Care Deficit Theory (2013). Retrieved on October 03, 2013. http://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/orem-self-care-deficit-theory.php