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Lecture 6 Sample preparation

Lecture 6 Sample preparation. Blood Samples:. Blood: arterial capillary venous. Composition of blood plasma. Blood serum is blood plasma without fibrinogen or the other clotting factors (i.e., whole blood minus both the cells and the clotting factors). Blood Samples:.

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Lecture 6 Sample preparation

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  1. Lecture 6 Sample preparation

  2. Blood Samples: Blood: arterial capillary venous Composition of blood plasma Blood serum is blood plasma without fibrinogen or the other clotting factors (i.e., whole blood minus both the cells and the clotting factors)

  3. Blood Samples: Anticoagulants: lithium heparin sodium heparin NaF sodium citrate EDTA Serum: no anticoagulant Plasma: centrifugation with anticoagulant present Blood cells: erythrocytes

  4. Urine 20-50 mL Stomach content 25 -50 mL Tissue Hair, nails 2-5 g if possible Many of options in postmortem work

  5. OrganicCompounds Sampling Solid Optional protein precipitation Homogenize in buffer Liquid Optional protein precipitation • Isolation • Single step liquid-liquid extraction • Multiple step liquid-liquid extraction • Solid phase extraction • (pre)concentration DATA COLLECTION Data processing and interpretation

  6. Air/gas sampling canisters bags Cleaned Polyurethane Foam (PUF) Cartridges and Resins

  7. Solid Phase Extraction cartridges

  8. Headspace vial Caps & septa

  9. Microdiffusion (Conway) cell Preconcentration of volatile compounds

  10. Liqiud phase microextraction (LPME) A 1 mL drop at the end of a syringe needle. A simple device for headspace LPME. Stirring and thermostating are optional.

  11. SPME

  12. Solvent extraction techniques

  13. Filters: Can be also used for Solid Phase Extraction

  14. Solid Phase Extraction

  15. Inside the SPE cartridge…

  16. Various sorption techniques: centrifuge positive pressure

  17. Large volumes:

  18. SPE extraction: Lots of junk removed!

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