Objectives:

1. Objectives: SWBAT outline the process of gel electrophoresis by watching several short videos of the process. Obtain a sample of DNA. PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction is used to amplify the amount of DNA. Use restriction enzymes to cut the DNA in pieces. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVhitK_b4gg • pcr polymerase chain reaction to amplify dna

2. Restriction enzymes recognize a specific sequence of nucleotides and produce a double-stranded cut in the DNA. The recognition sequences usually vary between 4 and 8 nucleotides, and many of them are palindromic, meaning the base sequence reads the same backwards and forwards. Themirror-like palindrome is similar to those found in ordinary text, in which a sequence reads the same forward and backwards on a single strand of DNA strand, as in GTAATG. The inverted repeat palindrome is also a sequence that reads the same forward and backwards, but the forward and backward sequences are found in complementary DNA strands. EcoRI digestion produces "sticky" ends; usually a four base overlap that can be used to attach the sequences together with ligase enzyme.

3. 4. The gel is prepared with wells (depressions that will hold the DNA). 5. A dye is added to the DNA to track the movement during the electrophoresis process. 6 . DNA is loaded into the wells using a micropipette. 7. The machine is started & DNA is drawn towards the positive end with smaller fragments travelling a greater distance. 8. The gel is stained to reveal the band patterns. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tTj8p05jAFM 2. loading the dna http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Afh_0IAfrQ 3. using a micropipette