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Highlights of the Civil War

Highlights of the Civil War. Chapter 4 Sections 2,3. North vs. South. North’s strengths. South’s Strengths. Superior leadership Highly motivated fighters “King Cotton” Easier to fight a defensive war . More resources-guns, weapons,ships More railroads

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Highlights of the Civil War

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  1. Highlights of the Civil War Chapter 4 Sections 2,3

  2. North vs. South North’s strengths South’s Strengths Superior leadership Highly motivated fighters “King Cotton” Easier to fight a defensive war • More resources-guns, weapons,ships • More railroads • Larger population (immigrants flooding into country) • More food

  3. Union Plan • 1)Navy blockade Southern ports • Union riverboats and armies capture the Mississippi River, split Confederacy in half • Union armies capture Confederate capital, Richmond Anaconda Plan

  4. Turning Point of War-July, 1863 • Gettysburg, Pennsylvania- after, loosing this battle, South went on the defensive • Vicksburg, Mississippi-assured capture of the Mississippi River These two victories Gave President Lincoln The upper hand to issue The Emancipation Proclamation-freeing All the slaves in the Confederate states.

  5. 1865 • Appomattox Court House-April 3, 1865 -Southern General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Northern General U. S. Grant • Lincoln Assassinated- April 14, 1865 (Good Friday) • Thirteenth Amendment passed-end of 1865-ending slavery in the United States

  6. Consequences of Civil War • 620,000 men on both sides lost (greater than U.S. casualties in all wars combined) • Politically, federal government’s power strengthened • Economically, gap between North and South widened; North boomed during the war, the South was devastated. • Civil War- first modern war; new weapons changed nature of warfare-rifle, minie ball, ironclad ships

  7. Fourteenth Amendment • Ratified in 1868 • Made former slaves not citizens of the United States but also citizens of the state in which they live • Greatly expanded the reach of the Constitution to include states

  8. Reconstruction • 1865-1877 • Plan to bring the South back into the Union • Lincoln and Johnson’s plan failed • Radical Republicans-1866,divided South into five military districts • Black men given right to vote • Southern states had to adopt the fourteenth amendment

  9. Fifteenth Amendment • Passed in 1870 • Gave black men the right to vote

  10. Failure of Reconstruction • Breakdown of the Republican party weakened the plan; lost control of Congress in 1876 election • Panic of 1873-bank failures caused a depression which diverted attention from the South • Growth of KKK (Ku Klux Klan) • Destroy Republican party • Throw out Reconstruction governments • Help the planter class • Prevent African Americans from using their political power

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