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Epidemiology of Heart Disease

Epidemiology of Heart Disease. Lower Sixth Biology. Aims. To be able to discuss The reasons for the global distribution of coronary heart disease.

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Epidemiology of Heart Disease

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  1. Epidemiology of Heart Disease Lower Sixth Biology

  2. Aims • To be able to discuss • The reasons for the global distribution of coronary heart disease. • The difficulty in achieving a balance between prevention and cure, with reference to coronary heart disease, coronary by-pass surgery and heart transplant surgery.

  3. Starter activity (a)(i) deposits of fat (atheroma) in the; wall thickness increased; the epithelium/endothelium is ruptured/damaged; max 2 (ii) increases blood pressure; narrower lumen increases friction/ restriction on blood flow; 2 (b) increases the level of blood cholesterol/lipids; increases the ratio of LDLs to HDLs; increases the rate of deposition of fats/damage due to free radicals in artery walls; max 2 (c) animals fats have more saturated fats and cholesterol/LDLs than plants; these fats increase the chances of developing atheroma; 2 (d) reduces blood flow to the heart;less oxygen to heart muscle; muscle dies/ myocardial infarction/causes pain of angina; 3

  4. Global distribution of heart disease

  5. Incidence in UK • Highest among • Scotland, NI, north and NW England • Poorer people • Some ethnic groups – eg South Asians • Men

  6. Epidemiology • Using pages 196-198 answer the following ….full sentences • 1.What is the effect of smoking on CHD? Why does it have this effect? • 2. What interaction is there between smoking and other risk factors • 3. What were the results of the Framlingham and Whitehall studies? • Using the table what individual would have the greatest risk of developing CHD? The least risk? • Answer SAQ 14.6

  7. Diet

  8. Summary • You should now be able to explain how an atheroma builds up • The risk factors involved • The difference between HDH and LDL • The effects of plaques and thrombus formation • The differences between the different types of CVD • The cause and effect of strokes • Homework AS18 Question sheet 2

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