Food Poisoning Case Study

1. Food Poisoning Case Study What Happened to John This Weekend?!

2. Thursday Dinner/Friday Lunch: The Infection • After leaving a gym near Wanda, I get a pizza from Papa John’s for dinner. Half of the pizza is left in the box over night. The next day I feel sore from the gym. I eat it for lunch the next day. Two hours after lunch I start to feel sick. • What might have been on the pizza and where did it come from? • Bacterial colonies; the air, my hands, the hands of the chief • Lunch was microwaved 2 mins; research shows 1 min in a microwave can kill most bacteria on food • What kills the bacteria? • Heat; denatures proteins • If what might have made some bacteria spread? • Heat; If not high enough to kill the bacteria it is promote division • Why is the gym an important factor leading to me getting sick? • Body is in recovery; immune system is weakened

3. Friday Night: Food Poisoning • Sick with “Food Poisoning” bacterial infection from contaminated food • What are my symptoms? • Fever • Loss of appetite • Abdominal pain • Diarrhea • What is causing the fever? • Innate immune response; body trying to cook bacteria and vasodilation moves blood through body faster but also lose body heat faster (I feel freezing is not covered) • What is causing the diarrhea? • The bacteria; disrupting ion channels and tight junctions in intestines causing H2O loss • Sleeping with a fever also leads to what? • Sweating which means more water loss

4. Saturday: Something New • Saturday morning I feel great (comparatively) • No fever or chills, no normal body pains, energy levels have returned • 3 symptoms still remain though: • Diarrhea • Loss of appetite • Strong abdominal pains • Through out the day I learn: • Pain is not caused by a specific movement but is spreading • Consuming anything causes pain as a response • Pain is getting stronger • I am tired and nap often • Why am I tired? • No longer eating; body is running low on ready energy supplies • Loss of water is stressing the body • What may be the result of this prolonged infection? • Stress on kidneys and digestive system • Organ failure; Appendicitis

5. Sunday: Hospital Trip • I need help killing the infection time for medicine • Hospital tests: • Blood test too think to take through finger, must use arm. Why? • Dehydrated think plasma • Test show spike in monocyte levels. What are these? • 2nd wave macrophages • Stool test results show yeast like bacteria. Why does this explain the abdominal pain? • Fermentation releases CO2 pain • Pressure Test pushing on sections of my stomach shows pain only in large intestine. Why is this great news? • No organ failure; No Appendicitis

6. Doctor’s Orders • Doctor prescribes: • Shot for pain • Artificial endorphin (painkiller) numbs excited nerve endings to slow/weak pain transmission • What type of signal molecule is this? • Hormone fast • What membrane proteins might this hormone effect? • Na+ channels, K+ channels, Na+/K+ pump

7. Doctor’s Orders • Doctor prescribes: 2) Antibody IV drip (500ml) • Takes over 2 hours • Antibody in Saline solution (0.9% NaCl) • What happens at the end of this treatment? • Major headache that lasts all night • Why? • Think blood means high conc. for ions. Too many Na+ in the blood and low H2O do what to cells? • Pull out H2O through osmosis because the outside is hypertonic • Cells shrink from forced water loss which makes pressure headache 3) Antibody pills for further treatment at home still taking them