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Unit Test Review

Explore Earth's layers and processes through flashcards. Learn the materials' journey and scientific concepts with in-depth explanations.

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Unit Test Review

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  1. Unit Test Review

  2. Science Wk6 10/14Objective:I will be able to explain how Earth’s materials are recylcedby creating study flashcards. READY: Pencil Reporter-Science Journals RESPECTFUL: Seated & Polite Conversations RESPONSIBLE: Warm-up Warm-up: Draw and label Earth’s 8 layers. You may use a word more than once…Word Bank: Crust Continental Oceanic Mantle Asthenosphere Lithosphere Mesosphere Inner Outer Core

  3. Flashcards: Do your best to neatly make review cards • Work as a team • You may use the cards on the test

  4. Flashcards: Ch. 5 Earth’s Interior Studying Earth’s Interior Geologists use rocks and seismic waves to learn about Earth’s Interior. Pressure and heat prevent direct exploration. • Rocks tell us about the chemical composition, temperature, & pressure of the interior. • Seismic waves from earthquakes tell us about the interior layers’ density. Pressure and heat increase with depth- Until the inner core, where the temperature declines.

  5. Earth’s Layers Three main layers: Core, Mantle, Crust Core: Inner Core-Solid iron Outer Core-Liquid Iron & Nickel - - -Drives magnetic field Mantle: Aluminum silicates – Hot Soft Solid (tootsie roll) • Mesosphere-lower mantle-transfers heat • Asthenosphere-Convection current moves plates • Lithosphere-Upper mantle attached to the crust – contains tectonic plates Crust: thin rocky layer Oceanic crust- basalt-denser than continental crust Continental crust- granite-dry land

  6. Three types of heat transfer: Radiation-transfer of heat through empty space Conduction-direct contact Convection-transfer of heat through a fluid Heat transfer by convection is caused by a change in density. The denser the material-the greater the pull of gravity

  7. Tectonic Plate Theory-tectonic plate movement is caused by convection currents in the mantle. Continental Drift-Wegener’s hypothesis of a single land mass- Pangaea. Wegener used data from fossils, land features, & climate changes to support his idea, but couldn’t explain how this happened.

  8. Continental Drift Hypothesis? Vs. Tectonic Plate Theory?

  9. Flashcards: Do your best to neatly make review cards Sonar (sound waves): used to study the seafloor. Seafloor Spreading Longest chain of mountains are the mid-ocean ridges. • Mid-ocean ridges molten: material erupts from the mantle then pushes older rocks away from the ridges.

  10. Evidence for Seafloor Spreading • Pillow rock formations (underwater lava) • Older rocks are found in core drilling samples further away from the mid-ocean ridges. • Alternating magnetized rock stripes.

  11. Subduction: oceanic crust sinks beneath the continental crust. Deep-ocean trenches: denser, basalt, ocean crust is pulled under the less dense granite continental crust. Volcanic Arcs and chains (Ring of Fire) are formed in subduction zones. Ocean floor is recycled every 200mill years. Pacific Ocean is shrinking & the Atlantic Ocean is spreading and pushing apart the continents.

  12. Density of the crust determines which crust will end up on top.

  13. Theory of Plate Tectonics: explains the formation, movement and subduction of Earth’s plates. Lithosphere is broken into plates that are attached to the crust. Faults: the edges of rock where the plates boundaries meet and break. (draw arrows for movement direction) Divergent: creates new land Rift valleys on land & Mid-ocean Ridges underwater Convergent: destroys land-subduction zones or pushes up mountains Transform: does not create or destroy land

  14. Continental Drift Hypothesis? Vs. Tectonic Plate Theory?

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