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Exploring Physical Science: Introduction & Key Concepts

Discover the fundamentals of physical science through scientific inquiry, measurement, math in science, graphs, and lab safety techniques.

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Exploring Physical Science: Introduction & Key Concepts

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  1. Unit 1: Chemical Building BlocksChapter 1: Introduction to Physical Science Big Idea: Scientists investigate the natural world by posing questions, developing hypotheses, designing experiments, analyzing data, drawing conclusions, & communicating results

  2. 6 Sections • What is Physical Science? • Scientific Inquiry • Measurement • Math & Science • Graphs in Science • Science Lab Safety Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  3. Sec 1: What is Physical Science? KEY CONCEPTS • Scientists use the skills of observing, inferring, & predicting to learn about the natural world • Physical science is the study of matter & energy, & the changes that they undergo Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  4. Science Observing Inferring Predicting Chemistry Physics Sec 1: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  5. Sec 2: Scientific Inquiry KEY CONCEPTS • Processes used in inquiry include posing questions, developing hypotheses, designing experiments, collecting & interpreting data, drawing conclusions, & communicating • Scientists use models & develop laws & theories to increase people’s understanding of the natural world Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  6. Scientific inquiry Hypothesis Parameter Manipulated variable Responding variable Controlled experiment Data Communicating Model Scientific theory Scientific law Sec 2: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  7. Sec 3: Measurement KEY CONCEPTS • Using SI allows scientists to compare data & communicate with each other about results • SI units include: m, kg, m3, kg/m3, s, & K Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  8. SI Weight Mass Volume Meniscus Density Celsius scale Kelvin scale Absolute zero Sec 3: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  9. Sec 4: Math & Science KEY CONCEPTS • When collecting data & making measurements, scientists use math skills involving estimation, accuracy & reproducibility, significant figures, & precision Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  10. Estimate Accuracy Reproducibility Significant figures Precision Sec 4: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  11. Sec 5: Graphs in Science KEY CONCEPTS • Line graphs are used to display data to see how one variable (the responding variable) changes in response to another variable (the manipulated variable) • A line of best fit emphasizes the overall trend shown by all the data taken as a whole Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  12. Sec 5: Graphs in Science (cont’d) KEY CONCEPTS (cont’d) • Slope = Rise = y2 – y1 Run x2 – x1 • Line graphs are powerful tools in science because they allow you to identify trends & make predictions Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  13. Graph Horizontal axis Vertical axis Origin Coordinate Data point Line of best fit Linear graph Slope Nonlinear graph Sec 5: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

  14. Sec 6: Science Lab Safety KEY CONCEPTS • Good preparation helps you stay safe when doing science activities in the lab or the field • When any accident occurs, no matter how minor, notify your teacher immediately. Then listen to your teacher’s directions & carry them out quickly Mrs. Lee - Ch 1

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