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Engineering the Presentation Layer of Adaptable Web Information Systems

This study delves into the design and implementation of a systematic approach for developing Adaptive Web Information Systems. It introduces the Hera design methodology and the AMACONT project, focusing on component-based development of adaptive web presentations. By combining these two approaches, the study offers a comprehensive framework for creating flexible and adaptable presentation layers that automatically translate design models into implementation.

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Engineering the Presentation Layer of Adaptable Web Information Systems

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  1. Engineering the Presentation Layer of Adaptable Web Information Systems Zoltán Fiala1, Flavius Frasincar2, Michael Hinz1, Geert-Jan Houben2, Peter Barna2, Klaus Meissner1 1Technische Universität Dresden 2Technische Universiteit Eindhoven {zoltan.fiala, mh5, kmeiss}@inf.tu-dresden.de {flaviusf, houben, pbarna}@win.tue.nl ICWE 2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  2. Structure • Motivation • Hera Design Methodology • Presentation Layer • Adaptation in the PL • AMACONT • Component-based Document Format • Layout Manager • Realizing the Hera PL with AMACONT • Conclusion and Future Work ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  3. Motivation • Adaptive Web Information Systems • Dynamic publication of up-to-date information, adapted to both user preferences and client platforms • Complex development process -> Need for systematic design methodologies • Specify hypermedia applications in an appropriate level of abstraction • Help designers and programmers to proceed in a structured way • Hera • Model-driven design methodology • Conceptual, navigational, and presentation design • Uses Semantic Web technologies (RDF/RDFS) for explicit model semantics • Identifies adaptation hot spots in each design model • Previously: • Missing formalization of the presentation model • Adaptation not implemented in the presentation layer ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  4. Motivation • AMACONT project • Component-based Development of Adaptive Web Presentations • Composition of adaptive Web applications by the aggregation and linkage of reusable document components • Special focus on adaptive presentation layer: layout managers • Previously: • No focus on design process • Missing high-level specifications • Hera-AMACONT cooperation • Combination of Hera’s modeling power with AMACONT’s flexible adaptive presentation layer • Adoption of AMACONT’s layout managers to the Hera PM • Benefits: • Automatic translation of Hera models to an AMACONT implementation • Versatile implementation (presentation) layer for Hera • Complete specification framework with automatic presentation generation ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  5. Hera- Conceptual Design • Conceptual Model (CM) • Represents the application domain by concepts and concept attributes • Based on RDFS • Media Model • Submodel of CM • Hierarchically composed of media types • Adapting media quality byconditional inclusion ofmedia variants ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  6. Hera - Application Design • Application Model • Logical, structural and navigationalaspects • Grouping concept attributes to Slices • Slice: meaningful presentation unitof some media items • Adaptation Design: • Assigning appearance conditions to slice references ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  7. Presentation Design • Presentation Design • Important aspect of hypermedia modeling • Declares the „look and feel” of a Web application independent from its implementation • Utilizes abstract user interface elements for layout composition • Adaptation required to • Users‘ layout preferences • Presentation capabilities of client devices • System environment ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  8. Presentation Layer Adaptation • Media adaptation to technical system parameters • Bandwidth, display resolution, color depth • Providing quality alternatives of selected media elements • Corporate Design • Look-and-feel: background colors, fonts, icons etc. • Users’ layout preferences and visual impairments • External parameters: seasons, anniversaries ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  9. Presentation Layer Adaptation • Spatial and temporal adjustment of layout elements • Reorganization • Adapting the arrangement of layout elements • Excluding • Information being unsuitable for a particular browser • Design elements without specific semantic meaning • Separation • Putting certain content pages to separate pages • Dynamic generation of links to those pages • Dynamic Adaptation • According to users’ changing browsing behavior • Dynamical browser window resizing • Environmental events: • bandwidth fluctuation ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  10. AMACONT • Component-based Web Application Development ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  11. AMACONT • Adaptive Layout • Layout Managers : XML-based abstract layout descriptions • Inspired by Java • Describe the spatial arrangement of immediate subcomponents • OverlayLayout • BoxLayout • BorderLayout • GridLayout • XSLT Transformers • xHTML • cHTML • WML ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  12. Layout Manager Example Layout attributes Subcomponent attributes ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  13. Hera - Presentation Model • Analogies between Hera slices and components: • Meaningful presentation units bearing some semantic role • Both top-level slices and top-level document components correspond to pages shown on the user’s display • Contain adaptation issues • Presentation Model (PM) • Adopting AMACONT’s layout managers • Assigning layout managers to Hera Slices • Formalization in RDF(S) • Result: Automatic mapping to an AMACONT implementation ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  14. Data Transformation Process ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  15. Data Transformation Process Application Model Instance Unfolding Transforming AM Instances to AMACONT components Adding layout managers to components according to Hera PM Transforming components to different output formats ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  16. Prototype: Component-based WIS ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  17. Conclusion and Future Work • Conclusion • Aspects of presentation layer adaptation in WIS design • Adoption of AMACONT’s layout managers to the Hera design framework • Formalization of Hera’s Presentation Model • Integrated framework • Automatic Mapping of high-level specifications to a component-based implementation • Future Work • Dynamic coupling of AMACONT and Hera • Feedback mechanisms for dynamically reacting on user input • Acquirement and evaluation of user interactions • Utilizing AMACONT components in all Hera layers • Realizing dynamic adaptation (adaptivity) in the joint system ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

  18. Layout Editor ICWE2004, July 28-30 2004, Munich

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