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Good Bye, AMANDA !. 1988: Ed Zeller (Kansas) Francis. Neutrinos in icecap ?. John Learned. 1988: Pomerantz workshop, NSF Science and Technology Center for the South Pole (Andrew Westphal, Tim Miller, Doug Lowder, Buford Price) 1989: attempt of Westphal and Lowder to
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1988: Ed Zeller (Kansas) Francis Neutrinos in icecap ? John Learned
1988: Pomerantz workshop, NSF Science and Technology Center for the South Pole (Andrew Westphal, Tim Miller, Doug Lowder, Buford Price) 1989: attempt of Westphal and Lowder to measure ice transparency in existing boreholes Jan. 89, ICRC, Adelaide: Decide to propose Amanda (Buford Price, Doug Lowder, Steve Barwick, Bob Morse, Francis Halzen, Alan Watson)
Greenland, August 13-16th 1990 + Bob Morse Bruce Koci Tim Miller
Nature Sept 91
The success of AMANDA stood on two pillars: the Amundsen Scott Station and Bruce Koci. Bruce Koci ( 2006)
1993 Serap Bob
South Pole 93/94 AMANDA-A Sweden joins (Stockholm, Uppsala)
Pat Mock Igor Liubarsky
1 km 2 km 93/94 40 m CATASTROPHAL DELAY OF LIGHT !
BUBBLES ! Vostok Data Venice 1994
1 km 2 km 93/94 40 m But the photomultipliers are ticking like Swiss watches !
„Amanda is nothing more than a big calorimeter“ • „This is what Amanda sees ! • „You are a son of a bitch!“ • Sounds interesting! DESY joins
„Amanda is nothing more than a big calorimeter“ • „This is what Amanda sees ! • „You are a son of a bitch!“ • Sounds interesting! DESY joins
„Amanda is nothing more than a big calorimeter“ • „… and this is what DUMAND sees !“ • „You are a son of a bitch!“ • Sounds interesting! DESY joins
„Amanda is nothing more than a big calorimeter“ • „….and this is what DUMAND sees !“ • „You are a son of a bitch!“ • Sounds interesting DESY joins
„Amanda is nothing more than a big calorimeter“ • „….and this is what DUMAND sees !“ • „You are a son of a bitch!“ • Sounds interesting DESY joins !
Albrecht Pat Mock
Christian Albrecht Albrecht fighting with the drill cable
Peter Wallenberg
The AMANDA collaboration end of the nineties + Mainz + Wuppertal + Brussels + Mons
1996/97 String 5-10 AMANDA-B10
The EVA event 1 km 2 km IceCube will work ! 96/97 AMANDA - B10 120 m
No George Smoot! NATURE 2001
Skyplot of the very first 17 Nu candidates in B10 B10 skyplot published in Nature 2001
Winterovers 1997 Robert Gary
1 km 0.02 0.1 0.5 Scattering coefficient (1/m) vs. depth 97/98 3 long strings study deep and shallow ice for future IceCube 2 km 120 m
1 km The gain drop problem ! 97/98 3 long strings study deep and shallow ice for future IceCube 2 km 120 m
1999-2000 String 14-19 AMANDA-II