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How to Virtualize Infrastructure Workloads

How to Virtualize Infrastructure Workloads. What Will We Cover?. Virtualization concepts Virtualization planning and deployment Domain controller and infrastructure service consolidation Monitoring virtual machines. Helpful Experience. Experience supporting Windows servers

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How to Virtualize Infrastructure Workloads

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  1. How to Virtualize Infrastructure Workloads

  2. What Will We Cover? • Virtualization concepts • Virtualization planning and deployment • Domain controller and infrastructure service consolidation • Monitoring virtual machines

  3. Helpful Experience • Experience supporting Windows servers • Experience supporting Microsoft networks • Understanding of virtualization concepts Level 200

  4. Agenda • Planning Virtualization • Consolidating Infrastructure Services • Virtualizing Domain Controllers • Monitoring with MOM 2005

  5. Enterprise IT Challenges • Growth • Customer service • Regulatory compliance • Device management • Varying skill sets • Mobility

  6. Enterprise IT Challenges • Growth • Customer service • Regulatory compliance • Device management • Varying skill sets • Mobility • PC maintenance • Server sprawl • Legacy platforms • Deployment and maintenance • Identity management • Software updates

  7. Enterprise IT Challenges • Growth • Customer service • Regulatory compliance • Device management • Varying skill sets • Mobility • PC maintenance • Server sprawl • Legacy platforms • Deployment and maintenance • Identity management • Software updates • Malicious attacks, viruses, spam, and more • Evolving threats • Patch management, VPN, and so on • Secure access (employees, partners, and customers)

  8. Virtualization Usage Scenarios Legacy application migration

  9. Virtualization Usage Scenarios Server consolidation Legacy application migration

  10. Virtualization Usage Scenarios Server consolidation Legacy application migration Test and developmentautomation

  11. Virtualization Usage Scenarios Server consolidation Legacy application migration Test and developmentautomation Disaster recovery

  12. Virtualization Process Assess / Plan Assess current workloads and plan consolidation options

  13. Virtualization Process Assess / Plan Assess current workloads and plan consolidation options Build / Deploy Virtualize workloads

  14. Virtualization Process Assess / Plan Assess current workloads and plan consolidation options Build / Deploy Virtualize workloads Operate Manage the virtualized infrastructure

  15. Assessing Workload Requirements • CPU utilization: • Average and peak usage? • CPU scaling: • Will workload need to scale beyond one processor?

  16. Assessing Workload Requirements • Network: • What is the saturation level produced by workload?

  17. Assessing Workload Requirements • Memory: • What is the average and peak memory usage of the workload?

  18. Assessing Workload Requirements • Storage: • What is the average read/write usage? • Is shared storage required?

  19. Assessing Workload Requirements • Support: • Is the application supported within a virtualized environment? • What about hardware requirements?

  20. Assessing Workload Requirements • Isolation: • Does the workload need to be isolated from other workloads?

  21. CPU Considerations • Host supports up to 32 processors • One virtual processor per virtual machine (VM) • Scales multiple VMs across multiple processors • Virtual Server provides CPU allocation controls • Maximum • Relative weight • Reserve

  22. CPU Capacity Planning • Calculate current processor requirements: • # of CPUs x CPU speed x CPU utilization • 2 processors x 2000 MHz x 10% utilization= ~400 MHz • Calculate target CPU capacity: • # of processors x CPU speed • 2 processors x 3600 MHz = 7200 total MHz • Reserve 25% for the host • .25 x 7200 = 1800 MHz • 7200 -1800 = ~5400 MHz available

  23. Network Considerations • Maximum four NICs per virtual machine • Virtual NIC emulates a 10/100 MB/s NIC • Separate host and virtual machine traffic • Dedicate a NIC to the host • Use multiple virtual networks to isolate traffic • VMs with heavy traffic can become a bottleneck

  24. Network Capacity Planning • Determine current bandwidth requirements: • # of VMs x NIC speed x NIC utilization • 12 VMs x 100 Mb/s x 40% utilization = 480 Mb/s • 4 VMs x 1000 Mb/s x 25% utilization = 1000 Mb/s • Total needed = 1480 Mb/s • Calculate target NIC capacity: • # of NICs x NIC speed • 2 NICs x 1000 Mb/s = 2000 Total Mb/s bandwidth • Assume 75% Gb Ethernet efficiency • .75 x 2000 = 1500 Mb/s available

  25. Memory Considerations • Up to 64 GB host memory • Maximum 3.6 GB RAM per VM • VMs require as much as physical computers • Virtualization adds ~32 MB of overhead

  26. Memory Capacity Planning • # of computers x (current RAM + 32 MB) • 12 computers x (1024 + 32) = 12672 MB • 4 computers x (2048 + 32) = 8320 MB • Total required = 20992 MB or ~21 GB

  27. Disk I/O and Storage Considerations • VMs use as much disk I/O as physical computers • Separate host operating system and virtual disks I/O paths • Configure host systems with multiple I/O paths • Used fixed-size disks instead of dynamic • Use Virtual SCSI for best performance KB Article 903748 – More performance tips

  28. Host Cluster Support • Uses Windows Server 2003 EE/DTC clustering • FC-SAN and iSCSI-SAN or direct attached storage • Planned downtime: • <10 seconds for 128 MB VM via 1GbE iSCSI (1 spindle) • <4 seconds for 512 MB VM via 2Gb FC (3 spindles) • <8 seconds for 1 GB VM via 2Gb FC (3 spindles) • Unplanned downtime • Automatic failover to another cluster node

  29. Build and Deploy Considerations • Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT 1.1) - free • PlateSpin PowerConvert (www.platespin.com) • Leostream P>V Direct 2.0 (www.leostream.com) • HP Service Migration Pack 2.0 (www.hp.com) Migration Options

  30. Build and Deploy Considerations • x64 hosts are faster and have better memory management • Intel VT/AMD virtualization technology hardware improve installation and guest performance • Dual-core CPUs balance workload and are faster than hyperthreading Hardware Suggestions

  31. Build and Deploy Considerations • Store a library of virtual machine operating systems • Prep stored VMs with Sysprep • Copy the VM to provision a machine in minutes • Script the process with COM API Provisioning New Machines

  32. Agenda • Planning Virtualization • Consolidating Infrastructure Services • Virtualizing Domain Controllers • Monitoring with MOM 2005

  33. Consolidating WINS Servers • Review existing infrastructure • Install WINS service on VM • Configure WINS service on VM • Copy, and possibly convert, database

  34. Consolidating DHCP Servers • Review and back up existing infrastructure • Export DHCP settings and copy to VM • Stop DHCP service or disconnect old server • Install DHCP service on VM • Import DHCP settings

  35. Consolidating DNS Servers • Install DNS service on VM • Initiate zone transfer - or - • Copy zone files to VM • Determine status of old DNS servers

  36. demonstration Demo • Consolidating Infrastructure Services • Consolidate WINS Servers • Consolidate DHCP Servers • Consolidate DNS Servers

  37. Agenda • Planning Virtualization • Consolidating Infrastructure Services • Virtualizing Domain Controllers • Managing Infrastructure with MOM 2005

  38. Advantages of Virtualizing DCs • Consolidation

  39. Advantages of Virtualizing DCs • Active Directory Domain Controller • Exchange Server • Web Server • SQL Server • Consolidation • Testing

  40. Advantages of Virtualizing DCs • Consolidation • Testing • Administration

  41. Advantages of Virtualizing DCs • Consolidation • Testing • Administration • Deployment

  42. Disadvantages of Virtualizing DCs

  43. Disadvantages of Virtualizing DCs • Administration

  44. Disadvantages of Virtualizing DCs • Administration KB Article 875495 – Windows Server 2003 KB Article 885875 – Windows 2000 Server

  45. Disadvantages of Virtualizing DCs • Administration • Performance

  46. Disadvantages of Virtualizing DCs • Administration • Performance • Security

  47. Deployment Considerations Virtual machine placement

  48. Deployment Considerations Virtual machine placement FSMO role-holders

  49. Deployment Considerations Virtual machine placement FSMO role-holders Global catalog servers

  50. Deployment Considerations Virtual machine placement FSMO role-holders Global catalog servers Bridgehead servers

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