Report from the MoEDAL Software Group

1. Report from the MoEDALSoftware Group JanuszChwastowski, DominikDerendarz, PawelMalecki, RafalStaszewski, MaciejTrzebinski (Cracow) AkshayKatre, Philippe Mermod (Geneva) Matthew King, Vasiliki A. Mitsou, Vicente Vento (Valencia) Jim Pinfold, Richard Soluk(Alberta)

2. MoEDAL Meeting MoEDAL Software Group • Coordinator: Philippe Mermod & Jim Pinfold • Groups • Alberta • Cracow • Geneva • Valencia • Meetings: every two weeks; Thursday 16:00 • Mailing list: MoEDAL-Software@cern.ch • Web page: under construction

3. MoEDAL Meeting Action plan 2014 • Material description (short term) • component implementation into the LHCb geometry • gathering info from picture database and CERN Drawing Database (CDD) • Model-independent simulations (short term) • single-particle generator • Geant4 propagation • Model-specific simulations (long term) • Drell-Yan monopole production • other monopole models with different kinematics • Long-lived sparticle (sleptons, R-hadrons) production • identify optimum model for MoEDALreach

4. MoEDAL Meeting LHCb software • LHCb software is organised into: • Packages: Sets of classes for a particular purpose (tools, algorithms, etc) • Groups: Sets of packages that perform similar operations or work in a particular processing step (Generation, Simulation, etc) • Projects: Complete Gaudi software packages consisting of several groups • LHCbcontact: Gloria Corti • Relevant for MoEDAL • Panoramix: Interactive Data Visualisation project • Gauss: The LHCb Simulation Program • GiGa (Geant4 in Gauss): interface package between Gauss and Geant4

5. MoEDAL Meeting Material description • MoEDALplaced around the LHCb interaction point on the backward side of the detector • Estimating the amount of material on the back of LHCbprovides the trapping potential of MoEDAL

6. Vacuum vessel I MoEDAL Meeting Fluka CDD drawing https://edms.cern.ch/cdd/plsql/c4w.get_in photo

7. MoEDAL Meeting Vacuum vessel II • Combining previous information in Panoramix Project from LHCb existing description after including actual material

8. MoEDAL Meeting Magnetic Monopole Trapper (MMT) • Aluminium absorber • Induction technique for signature of magnetic monopole • 2012 deployment • array placed 1.8 m away from the interaction point, covers 1.3 % of the total solid angle • search for monopoles performed in SQUID magnetometer in ETH Zurich • Bendtz, Katre, Lacarrère, Mermod, Milstead, Pinfold, Soluk“Search in 8 TeV proton-proton collisions with the MoEDAL monopole-trapping test array”, arXiv:1311.6940 [physics.ins-det]

9. MMT geometry in simulation MoEDAL Meeting Rods of aluminium absorber Boxes

10. MoEDAL Meeting MoEDAL simulation • GiGa provides a set of base classes for: Physics lists, Field setups, etc • New physics is implemented in an inheriting class and added to the Gauss algorithm • Monopole physics is added to Gauss by adding GiGaPhysContructorMonopole(MonopolePhysics) to the algorithm’s Physics List • Simulation with single monopole production • momentum 1 – 100 GeV • monopole mass set to 100 GeV • magnetic field set off in transportation code • MMT geometry is included – yet not seen → under investigation

11. MoEDAL Meeting Geometry profile • MoEDALis in negative z y [mm] r [mm] x [mm] z [mm]

12. MoEDAL Meeting Monopole range vs. φ 1 GeV Range [mm] • Flat range in φsave for variations due to known material φ [rad] 10 GeV 100 GeV Range [mm] Range [mm] φ [rad] φ [rad]

13. MoEDAL Meeting Monopole range vs. θ 1 GeV Range [mm] • MoEDALis in θ>π/2 • Cavernwall at high-θ, high-rangeregion(“curve”) θ [rad] 10 GeV 100 GeV Range [mm] Range [mm] θ [rad] θ [rad]

14. MoEDAL Meeting Monopole range vs. θ and φ 1 GeV • MoEDALis in θ > π/2 Range [mm] φ [rad] θ [rad] 10 GeV 100 GeV φ [rad] φ [rad] Range [mm] Range [mm] θ [rad] θ [rad]

15. MoEDAL Meeting Simulation ntuple contents • Currently include • initial vertex position • initial momentum • particle PDG code • particle mass • final vertex position • Desired content to be decided

16. Simulation of monopole production Ι • 1st monopole revolution: Dirac Theory • monopole coupling  Dirac quantisation condition : e g = N/2  g2 ~ 34 • monopole mass  parameter • spin unknown • Dirac string  No well-defined field theory exists  Schwinger-Zwanziger not useful for calculations • Naive calculations: Drell-Yan production at LHC included in MADGRAPH e  gβ Modifications leading to a smaller effective coupling i) Ginzburget al. loop effects g  g E/m ii) Milton et al. for real monopoles beta coupling g  g p/E  Both effects reduce the coupling close to threshold

17. MoEDAL Meeting Simulation of monopole productionΙΙ • 2nd monopole revolution: ‘t Hooft-Polyakovsoliton • GUT mass scale • the monopole has structure • We would like to go beyond the naive calculations guided by the solitonic picture! • Assumptions • there is a monopole at the TeV scale • it is (solitonic) not elementary • its mass is unknown • its spin is unknown

18. MoEDAL Meeting Simulation of monopole productionΙΙΙ • Future plan:We are resuscitating old ideas by Schiff and Goebel (before soliton) giving the monopole a structure, larger than its classical radius, with the magnetic charge distributed in it. This structure leads in the calculations to a form-factor which allows reasonable calculations like in the pi-N interaction where the coupling is also large. • Moreover, it allows the description of Monopolium, a monopole- anti-monopole bound state, which might lead to other observable effects in MoEDAL • We are analysing different density distributions and sizes studying model dependence • The approach can also be extended to cosmological scenarios • Caveat:It is important to realise, that once the monopole is formed, the DETECTION in MoEDALoccurs via a classical process, and therefore well determined, by the corresponding Maxwell equations. This implies that once a production rate is calculated (or assumed) the detection rate is easy to calculate depending on the geometry and efficiency of MoEDAL.

19. MoEDAL Meeting ICHEP2014 • Abstract on MoEDAL software results accepted for poster presentation: “Simulation of the MoEDAL experiment” • Presenter: Matt King (Valencia)

20. MoEDAL Meeting Summary • Experience acquired with LHCb software • framework to which MoEDAL simulation is implemented • MMT material already implemented in MoEDAL geometry description • priority item in view of the MMT results from 2012 deployment • First tests done with single-monopole production and propagation are positive • Different monopole production mechanisms under study