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Attention and Activity Disorders. How are attention and activity disorders identified and treated?. Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder. A developmental disorder of attention and activity level. Onset before the age of 7 or 8. Persists throughout the life span.
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Attention and Activity Disorders How are attention and activity disorders identified and treated?
Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder • A developmental disorder of attention and activity level. • Onset before the age of 7 or 8. • Persists throughout the life span. • Involves academic and social problems. • Frequently accompanied by other disorders.
Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder • Core problems in regulation of: • Attention • Cognition • Motivation • Social behavior
Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder • Often comorbid with LD or EBD • Prevalence of about 3-5% • Diagnosed boys outnumber diagnosed girls • No clear biological or environmental cause • Prevention consists of managing problems once they occur
Assessment • Assessment for instruction differs from assessment for treatment. • Assessment for Instruction • Teacher and peer rating scales • Direct observation
Most Effective Treatments • Medication • Parent training • Teacher training
Medication • Controversial • Most effective form of intervention • Can make student “more teachable”
Teacher Training • Behavioral Interventions: • Token reinforcement • Response cost • Contingency contracts • Cognitive Training Strategies
Goal of Intervention • Manage student’s problems as successfully as possible. • Realize that a cure is not available. • Develop coping strategies for parents and teachers.