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Limits of English Monarchy: Parliament's Rise & Revolution

This article explores the struggle for power between the English monarchy and Parliament, from James I to the Glorious Revolution. It highlights key events such as the Petition of Right, the English Civil War, Cromwell's rule, and the establishment of constitutional monarchy with the Bill of Rights.

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Limits of English Monarchy: Parliament's Rise & Revolution

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  1. Section 5 Parliament Limits theEnglish Monarchy Absolute rulers in England are overthrown, and Parliament gains power. NEXT

  2. SECTION 5 Parliament Limits theEnglish Monarchy Monarchs Defy Parliament James’s Problems • James I of Scotland becomes king of England in 1603 • Struggles with Parliament over money, Church reform Charles I Fights Parliament • James’s son, Charles I, becomes king in 1625 • Also fights with Parliament over money • Parliament forces him to sign Petition of Right in 1628 • Petition limits Charles’s power, but he ignores it NEXT

  3. SECTION 5 English Civil War War Topples a King • In 1641, Parliament passes laws to limit king’s power • Result is English Civil War (1642–1649) between Puritans, king • In 1644, Oliver Cromwell becomes general on Puritan side • After Puritans win, Charles faces trial and execution in 1649 Continued . . . NEXT

  4. SECTION 5 continued English Civil War Cromwell’s Rule • In 1649, Cromwell abolishes monarchy, House of Lords had the 1st Constitution of any modern state • Becomes military dictator • Suppresses rebellion in Ireland Puritan Morality • Puritans abolish activities they find sinful NEXT

  5. SECTION 5 Restoration and Revolution Cromwell’s End • After Cromwell dies in 1658, government collapses • Next year, Parliament asks son of Charles I to rule Charles II Reigns • Restoration—return of monarchy under Charles II • Habeas corpus—law requiring king to charge prisoner with crime James II and the Glorious Revolution • Charles’s Catholic brother James becomes king in 1685 • Glorious Revolution—bloodless overthrow of James in 1688 NEXT

  6. SECTION 5 Limits on Monarch’s Power A New Type of Monarchy • Protestants William and Mary become rulers of England • Agree to constitutional monarchy—legal limits on royal power • Bill of Rights • • In 1689, Parliament drafts Bill of Rights • • Sets limits on royal power • can’t suspend Parliament’s laws • need a grant from Parliament to pass taxes • no interfering with freedom of speech • citizens can state their grievances without fear of punishment NEXT

  7. Cabinet System Develops • Used as way to settle disagreements between the monarch and Parliament • In 1700s, cabinet, a group of government ministers, develops • Ministers represent the majority party in Parliament (Prime Minister) with monarch

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