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Air Quality Standard

Air Quality Standard. Mohd Talib Latif. Introduction. An air quality standard is a description of a level of air quality that is adopted by a regulatory authority as enforceable.

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Air Quality Standard

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  1. Air Quality Standard Mohd Talib Latif

  2. Introduction • An air quality standard is a description of a level of air quality that is adopted by a regulatory authority as enforceable. • The basis of development of standard should be to provide a rational for protecting public health from adverse effects of air pollutants, to eliminate or reduce exposure to hazardous air pollutants, and to guide national and local authorities in their air quality management decisions.

  3. Step to Develop Standard • The first step included compilation of air quality standards adopted by various countries including guidelines suggested by the WHO. • The second step was to summarize the problems and issues associated with Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs). The USEPA has identified 188 HAPs (for details see: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/allabout.html

  4. Averaging Time • The basis for averaging time is from the fact that large peak concentrations can damage the health even during exposure of short time. • For example, CO, NOx, SO2 and O3 have short-term effects and have been assigned 1-hr averaging time in addition to 24-hr and annual averages. • It was decided that even if a contaminant does not have any short-term effect, a standard of 24-hr averaging time must be assigned so that trend of possibility of long-term concentration can be determined and suitable corrective measures are not delayed.

  5. Criteria of Standard • whether substances or mixtures posed a widespread problem in terms of sources; • the ubiquity and abundance of the pollutants where the potential for exposure was large; • whether significant new information on health effects was available; • the feasibility of monitoring; and • past trend in ambient air levels

  6. USEPA http://www.epa.gov/air/criteria.html

  7. National Ambient Air Quality Standards

  8. European Air Quality Standard The Air Quality Standards Regulations 2007 Air Quality Guideline for Europe http://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/quality/standards.htm

  9. Change to the unit of mass/volume (ug/m3) involve the I Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT P = Pressure (mm Hg) T = Temperature (K) R = Ideal gas constant

  10. Change of unit

  11. Changing Averaging Time Formula [C1 /C2] = [t2/t1]p C1 = Concentration 1 C2 = Concentration 2 t1 = time 1 t2 = time 2 0.17 < p < 0.50 (Turner, 1970; Engel et al. 1997; Scire et al., 2000)

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