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Chapter 2

Chapter 2. Lesson 3. Vocabulary Lesson 3. Irrigation: a way of supplying water to crops with streams, ditches, or pipes Staple: a main crop that is used for food Ceremony: a special event at which people gather to express important beliefs. People of the Southwest.

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Chapter 2

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  1. Chapter 2 Lesson 3

  2. Vocabulary Lesson 3 • Irrigation: a way of supplying water to crops with streams, ditches, or pipes • Staple: a main crop that is used for food • Ceremony: a special event at which people gather to express important beliefs

  3. People of the Southwest • Region includes present day Arizona and New Mexico. Also stretches across areas that we know today- Utah, Colorado, Nevada, Texas, and California >Part of the Rocky mountains > Large area of region is flat and desert >Small amount of rain

  4. People and The Land • Climate influenced the way Southwest Indians lived • Very dry area where trees would not grow; did not rain often • They were farmers; lack or rain affected agriculture • Used irrigation systems to help water crops • Irrigation systems were ditches, streams, or pipes that allowed water to be sent to crops in need of water • Water from the rivers flowed through irrigation system.

  5. People and The Land • Planted Corn deep in the ground so roots could get moisture from the earth • Crops were also planted in areas that flooded during the spring rains

  6. People and The Land • Trees did not grow since the land was dry • Built adobes- houses made of sticks, stones, and clay • Usually built houses on steep mesas to protect them from attacks

  7. The Hopi • Oldest Indian group in Southwest • Began living in Arizona before 1350 • Lived in dry land • Used irrigation system to grow beans, squash, and corn • Corn was their staple crop

  8. The Hopi • Grew yellow, blue, red, white, and purple corn. • Grew a large amount of corn to last the entire year; stored in rooms in their pueblos • Hopis constructed pots from clay to store food and water in • First people to fire pottery; this makes pottery hard and strong

  9. The Hopi • Religion was important them • Believed creator led them to the Southwest • Felt they were meant to be caretakers of the land • Tried to keep land healthy; believed healthy land gave good harvest and rainfall • Caretaking of the land included prayer and yearlong calendar ceremonies

  10. Hopi Today • Still follow cultural traditions • Still live in villages in Southwest • Still have dances and ceremonies • Skilled at making pottery, weavings, baskets, and silver jewelry • Today they hold jobs in local business and other professional fields.

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