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2014/9/15

TMT Exoplanet Detection and Characterization. 周济林 (Ji-Lin Zhou) Nanjing University, zhoujl@nju.edu.cn. transit spectroscopy for XO - 2. credit ESA. Credit: TMT science. 2014/9/15. 1. What TMT can do in exoplanet. TMT Science book. 1 、 Protoplanetary Disk

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2014/9/15

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  1. TMT Exoplanet Detection and Characterization 周济林 (Ji-Lin Zhou) Nanjing University, zhoujl@nju.edu.cn transit spectroscopy for XO-2. credit ESA Credit: TMT science 2014/9/15 1

  2. What TMT can do in exoplanet TMT Science book 1、Protoplanetary Disk 2、Detection & transit follow-up of Exoplanet RV, image (Dou’s report) 3、Characterization --atmosphere Focus on Chinese Exoplanet detection projects 2

  3. 1.Protoplanetary disk MIRES (Mid-Infrared Echelle Spectrometer): is a diffraction-limited, high-resolution (5000 < R < 100 000) spectrometer and imager operating at 8 – 18 μm. a separate AO system optimized for the mid-infrared. NIRES (Near-Infrared Echelle Spectrometer): fed by NFIRAOS, NIRES is a diffraction-limited high resolution (20 000 < R < 100 000) spectrometer covering 1 – 2.4 μm simultaneously. Science: • Planet formation: Gravitational instability or core accretion? • Disk evolution • Gap opening & planet migration Map out the velocity of disk

  4. <1 Classical Planet Formation Scenario (1) gravitational instability model Form MMSN: HR 8799 system Boss A.

  5. (2) Core accretion model Formation of km size planetesimals Accretion of planetesimals into planetary embryos Gas accretion, giant impact www.planet.sci.kobe-u.ac.jp

  6. Disk-planet tidal interactions type-I migration type-II migration Lin & Papaloizou (1985),.... Goldreich & Tremaine (1979), Ward (1986, 1997), Tanaka et al. (2002) planet’s perturbation viscous diffusion disk torque imbalance viscous disk accretion See, Kley et al. 2012 Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.

  7. 2.Exoplanet detection (RV) HROS (High-Resolution Optical Spectrometer): a single-object, seeing-limited, high-resolution (R = 50000 for 1 arcsec slit) optical-UV echelle spectrograph Advantage : short time to get high SNR Science : Down to M,L type stars (HZ more close) RM-effect Transit Follow (Kepler, TESS,…) Tusk: target list (from transit)

  8. III-2. Internal structure and atmosphere of planets Tidal inflation? J Udry & Santos 2007 HD: 67 Me /113 Me Jup: <12Me/320Me Charbonneau et al. Nature 2009

  9. Batalha et al. 2012, 1202.5852 16 Months of Kepler Data Need choose targets! total: 2300 planets, 20% of the stars catalogued have multiple planets. paucity of giant planets at short periods in multiple planet systems.

  10. 3. Exoplanet atmosphere Task: More simulation:--planet radius, location Make a list for suitable candidates Habitable Earth?

  11. Chinese Planet Search Projects 2.16m(NAOC) 2.4m (YNO) SDUO AST3 BSST(?)

  12. 南大,国台,紫台等合作 2008 data: Total of ~20,000stars, we choose ~10000 stars with precision of <2%, We find 10 most-promising candidates. Submitted to ApJS According to Kepler’s results (transiting, P<100 days) CSTAR-1 P=2.04 days R~0.5RJ The binned phase-folded light curve (top panel) along with the normalized BLS periodogram (bottom panel) of one CSTAR object. The solid line in the top panel show the best-fit transit model

  13. CSTAR数据: 发现了56颗双星-星表 南大,国台,紫台 我们使用CSTAR2008年观测数据进行细致的光变分析，从10,000个源中找到56颗双星并整理成双星星表，包括15个不相接双星、6个半接双星、27个密近双星和8个未分类的可疑双星。我们还对不相接双星计算了掩星中心时刻的变化。我们将我们的结果与Kepler发现的双星系统做了轨道参数的统计性比较，二者有相同的分布趋势。我们发现5颗双星处于近相接演化阶段，3颗双星具有较大偏心率，并且发现一颗双星同时具有大偏心率与明显的掩星中心时刻变化。这些结果对双星系统的形成和演化提供了重要的参考价值。 Yang Ming, Zhang Hui & Zhou Ji-Lin*, Zhou Xu, Liu Hui-Gen, Wang Lifang, et al., Eclipsing Binary Stars from 14.5cm Telescope at Dome A Antactica, in preparing;

  14. Conclusion • To join in TMT in exoplanet: (1) Group too small and weak, more persons need to be trained: Disk, RV, transit, exoplanet (2) Preliminary tusk should be assigned soon (3) Sent young persons abroad to learn

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