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Lymphatic System Overview

Immune Response Spring 2007. Lymphatic System Overview. Functions. Draining interstitial fluids Return lymph fluid to veins Transporting dietary lipids Protecting against invasion. Lymphatic Vessels. Lymphatic capillaries Slightly larger than blood capillaries

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Lymphatic System Overview

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  1. Immune Response Spring 2007 Lymphatic System Overview

  2. Functions • Draining interstitial fluids • Return lymph fluid to veins • Transporting dietary lipids • Protecting against invasion

  3. Lymphatic Vessels • Lymphatic capillaries • Slightly larger than blood capillaries • Allow interstitial fluid to flow in but not out

  4. Lymphatic Vessels • Cap. unite to form lymphatic vessels • Resemble veins • Thinner walls and more valves • Lymph nodes-masses of B cells & T cells • Thoracic Duct • Drains most of the body • Right Lymphatic Duct • Drains upper right side of body

  5. Organs • 2 groups based on function • Primary lymphatic organs • Sites where stem cells mature into B cells & T cells • Red bone marrow & thymus • Secondary lymphatic organs & tissues • Lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic nodules

  6. Thymus • Consists of T cells, macrophages, and epithelial cells • Produce thymic hormones • Promote the proliferation & maturation of T cells

  7. Lymph Nodes • 600 bean shaped organs • Usually occur in groups • Contain B cells that develop into plasma cells • Secrete antibodies, T cells, & macrophages • Filter lymphatic fluid • Method of metastasis of cancer

  8. Lymph Node

  9. Spleen • Largest mass of lymphatic tissue in body • 2 tissue types • White pulp • Lymphatic tissue • Consists of lymphocytes and macrophages • Red pulp • Blood filled sinuses • Splenic tissues- RBC’s, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and granular leukocytes

  10. Spleen

  11. Enlarged Spleen

  12. Lymphatic Nodules • Not enclosed with a capsule • Includes tonsils

  13. Nonspecific Resistance to Disease • 1st line of defense-Skin and mucous membranes • Epidermis • Mucous membranes • Hairs • Cilia • Lacrimal apparatus • Saliva • Sweat

  14. Nonspecific Resistance to Disease • 2nd line of defense-internal defenses • Antimicrobial proteins • Phagocytes • Natural killer cells • Fever • Inflammation

  15. Antimicrobial Proteins • Found in blood & interstitial fluid • Interferons • Interfere with viral replication • Complement • Cytolysis, chemotaxis, oponization • Transferrins • Bind iron = inhibit growth of some bacteria

  16. Natural Killer & Phagocytosis • Natural killer (NK) • Cytolysis • Phagocytes • Phagocytosis-ingestion of microbes or other particles • During infection monocytes enlarge into macrophages

  17. Phagocytosis

  18. Inflammation • Can be caused by pathogens, abrasions, chemical irritations, distortion or disturbances of cells, extreme temps • 4 symptons • Redness • Pain • Heat • swelling

  19. Inflammation (con’t) • 3 stages • Vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels • Increased blood flow to area • Phagocyte emigration • Neutrophils, then monocytes, then wandering macrophages • Repair • Pus-WBC’s & dead tissue debris

  20. Inflamatory Response

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