1 / 58

Network Simulator2

Network Simulator2. OTCL Analysis. Outline. Basic OTCL Introduction Simple.tcl Simple-wireless.tcl Trace File Analysis Reference. NS2. Topology (Use OTCL). Kernel (Use C++). Topology. OTCL. set x 100 # 設定 x 變數， x 值為 100( 注意這 100 是字串 ) set y 200 # 設定 y 變數， y 值為 200

richard-rivers
Download Presentation

Network Simulator2

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Network Simulator2 OTCL Analysis

  2. Outline • Basic OTCL Introduction • Simple.tcl • Simple-wireless.tcl • Trace File Analysis • Reference

  3. NS2 Topology (Use OTCL) Kernel (Use C++)

  4. Topology

  5. OTCL • set x 100 • # 設定 x 變數，x 值為100(注意這100是字串) • set y 200 • # 設定 y 變數，y 值為200 • set z [expr $x+$y] • # 透過 expr 將 $x $y 當成數字作數學運算, 並設定 z 變數為300 • set a [set b 100] • # 設定 a = b = 100 • set array_(1) 21 • # 設定一個陣列叫 array_, 並把 array_(1) 的值設為27

  6. OTCL • if • if { $k>4 } { puts " k > 4 " }else { puts " k < = 4 " } • while • 下面程式, 代表一個 while 如在 i 大於等於0的情況下, 則將 b 的值和 i 相加並再回傳給 b, 然後 i 再減 1. • set b 0set i 100while {$i > = 0} { set b [expr $b+$i]incr i -1 }

  7. OTCL • for • for {set i 100} {$i > =0} {incr i -1} { # for 迴圈內所要執行的程式碼 } • 副程式 • # 定義一個叫做 show 的 procedure • proc show {} { ... # 副程式內容 ... }

  8. NAM • Nam 是一個能將 NS2 模擬結果視覺化顯示出來的工具, 他能顯示封包的流向和 Drop 等資訊. • 執行方式: nam < trace-file >

  9. NAM • $node color red • # 設定 node 顏色 • $node shape square (circle, square, and hexagon) • # 設定 node 形狀(預設圓形) • $node label "Text“ • # 設定 node 的標籤 • $node label-color blue • # 設定 node 標籤的顏色

  10. NAM • $ns duplex-link-op $n1 $n2 color green • # 設定 Link 顏色 • $ns duplex-link-op $n1 $n2 label "Text" • # 設定 Link 的標籤 • $ns duplex-link-op $n1 $n2 label-color blue • # 設定 Link 標籤的顏色

  11. Basic NS2語法 • set ns [new Simulator] • 目的在創造一個 NS2 模擬的物件, 只要的功能在 • 1. 初使化封包格式( packet format) 2. 創造一個Scheduler • set node_ [$ns node] • 建立一個名稱叫做 node_ 的 Node • # 建立30個Nodes for {set i 0} {$i < 30} {incr i} { set n($i) [$ns node]} • $ns simplex-link < n0 > < n1 > < bandwidth > < delay > < queue_type > • 建立一條 Node n0 到 n1 的一條實體連結, 並設定頻寬、delay 時間和 queue 的 type, queue 的 type 有 DropTail(a FIFO queue)、FQ、SFQ、DRR、RED、CBQ、CBQ/WRR 等 type • $ns duplex-link $n0 $n1 2Mb 20ms DropTail • # 在 n0 及 n1 間建立一個頻寬為2Mb, DropTail Queue 的 Link

  12. Basic NS2語法 • $ns duplex-link < n0 > < n1 > < bandwidth > < delay > < queue_type > • 同上, 不過是建立一條 duplex link 的連線 • $ns attache-agent < node > < agent > • 將一個 agent 結合到一個 node 上, agent 簡單來說也就表示一個 node 上所用的 protocol, 而一開始建立一個 Node 預設的 agent 是 Null. 範例如下 : • #創造一個TCP的Agent set tcp [new Agent/TCP]#TCP agent 結合到 node(n0) $ns attach-agent $n0 $tcp#但就此範例光是 TCP 無法產生任何 Traffic, 所以通常我們都會再建立一些Application 的 Protocol 於 TCP 上(如 FTP、Telnet) set ftp [new Application/FTP]$ftp attach-agent $tcp

  13. Basic NS2語法 • $ns connect < agent1 > < agent2 > • 在兩個 agent 中建立一條 logical 的連結, 不同於 Simplex-link 等方式所建立的實體連結, 如 agent1 和 agent2 之間可能相隔好幾個點 • $ns trace-all < tracefile > • 將 ns2 模擬的內容寫回到在 < tracefile > 檔案中. 範例如下 : • 建議此指令最好放在程式的前面 (在建立 node 和 link 之前), 以免模擬結果無法完整寫回檔案 • set nf [open out.tr w] $ns trace-all $nf • $ns namtrace-all < tracefile > • 同樣是將 ns2 模擬的內容寫回到在 < tracefile > 檔案中, 不過可以放在 nam 上去顯示模擬畫面, 格式也不太一樣

  14. Basic NS2語法 • $ns at < time > < event > • 在特定的時間 < time > 讓這個事件 < event > 被執行. 範例如下 : • # 在4.5秒的時候執行 ftp $ns at 4.5 "$ftp start" # 在5秒時候執行我們自己所定義的 finish 函式 $ns at 5.0 "finish“ • $ns run • 開始執行 scheduler

  15. Basic範例 • Two nodes, one link set n0 [$ns node] set n1 [$ns node] $ns duplex-link $n0 $n1 1Mb 10ms DropTail

  16. Basic範例 • #Create a UDP agent and attach it to node n0 set udp0 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $n0 $udp0 • # Create a CBR traffic source and attach it to udp0 set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr0 set packetSize_ 500 $cbr0 set interval_ 0.005 $cbr0 attach-agent $udp0

  17. Basic範例 • #Create a Null agent (a traffic sink) and attach it to node n1 set null0 [new Agent/Null] $ns attach-agent $n1 $null0 • #Connect the traffic source with the traffic sink $ns connect $udp0 $null0 • #Schedule events for the CBR agent $ns at 0.5 "$cbr0 start" $ns at 4.5 "$cbr0 stop"

  18. Basic範例 • #Create links between the nodes $ns duplex-link $n0 $n2 1Mb 10ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $n1 $n2 1Mb 10ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $n3 $n2 1Mb 10ms SFQ • SFQ (stochastic fair queueing) $ns duplex-link-op $n0 $n2 orient right-down $ns duplex-link-op $n1 $n2 orient right-up $ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 orient right

  19. Basic範例 • #Define different colors for data flows $ns color 1 Blue $ns color 2 Red $udp0 set class_ 1 $udp1 set class_ 2 • #Monitor the queue for the link between node 2 and node 3 $ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 queuePos 0.5

  20. Basic範例 • #Connect the traffic sources with the traffic sink $ns connect $udp0 $null0 $ns connect $udp1 $null0 • #Schedule events for the CBR agents $ns at 0.5 "$cbr0 start" $ns at 1.0 "$cbr1 start" $ns at 4.0 "$cbr1 stop" $ns at 4.5 "$cbr0 stop"

  21. SimulatorObject Packet color Create four nodes Simple.tcl set ns [new Simulator] $ns color 0 blue $ns color 1 red $ns color 2 white set n0 [$ns node] set n1 [$ns node] set n2 [$ns node] set n3 [$ns node]

  22. Trace file name NAM file name Simple.tcl (con.) set f [open out.tr w] $ns trace-all $f set nf [open out.nam w] $ns namtrace-all $nf

  23. Create three links Place links location Simple.tcl (con.) $ns duplex-link $n0 $n2 5Mb 2ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $n1 $n2 5Mb 2ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $n2 $n3 1.5Mb 10ms DropTail $ns duplex-link-op $n0 $n2 orient right-up $ns duplex-link-op $n1 $n2 orient right-down $ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 orient right $ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 queuePos 0.5

  24. Create UDP traffic and CBR source node Create UDP traffic and CBR source node Simple.tcl (con.) set udp0 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $n0 $udp0 set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr0 attach-agent $udp0 set udp1 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $n3 $udp1 $udp1 set class_ 1 set cbr1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr1 attach-agent $udp1

  25. Create UDP traffic sink node Create UDP traffic sink node Simple.tcl (con.) set null0 [new Agent/Null] $ns attach-agent $n3 $null0 set null1 [new Agent/Null] $ns attach-agent $n1 $null1

  26. Connect source node and sink node Simple.tcl (con.) $ns connect $udp0 $null0 $ns connect $udp1 $null1

  27. Set time to forward packet traffic Simple.tcl (con.) $ns at 1.0 "$cbr0 start“ $ns at 1.1 "$cbr1 start"

  28. Create TCP traffic and FTP Simple.tcl (con.) set tcp [new Agent/TCP] $tcp set class_ 2 set sink [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns attach-agent $n0 $tcp $ns attach-agent $n3 $sink $ns connect $tcp $sink set ftp [new Application/FTP] $ftp attach-agent $tcp $ns at 1.2 "$ftp start"

  29. Traffic End Simple.tcl (con.) $ns at 1.35 "$ns detach-agent $n0 $tcp ; $ns detach-agent $n3 $sink“ puts [$cbr0 set packetSize_] puts [$cbr0 set interval_] $ns at 3.0 "finish"

  30. Execute NAM Execute NS Record traffic in file Simple.tcl (con.) proc finish {} { global ns f nf $ns flush-trace close $f close $nf puts "running nam..." exec nam out.nam & exit 0 } $ns run

  31. Simple-wireless.tcl • C:\cygwin\home\smallfirefly\ns-allinone-2.26\ns-2.26\tcl\ex • Simple-wireless.tcl

  32. Basic – create node • Create Node set $node [$ns node] • Start-position $node set X_ <x1> $node set Y_ <y1> $node set Z_ <z1>

  33. Basic – node movement • Future destinations $ns_ at $time $node setdest <x2> <y2> <speed>

  34. SimulatorObject Trace file name NAM file name Basic OTCL set ns_ [new Simulator] set tracefd [open simple.tr w] $ns_ trace-all $tracefd set namtrace [open simple.nam w] $ns_ namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $val(x) $val(y)

  35. Basic – creating wireless topology set topo [new Topography] $topo load_flatgrid $opt(x) $opt(y) where opt(x) and opt(y) are the boundaries used in simulation. create-god $val(nn) Number of node

  36. Wired-cum-wireless MobileIP Basic – node config $ns_ node-config -adhocRouting DSDV or DSR or TORA or AODV \ -topoInstance $topo \ -addressType hierarchical \ -wiredRouting ON \ -mobileIP ON \ -llType LL \ -macType Mac/802_11 \ -antType Antenna/OmniAntenna \ -propType Propagation/TwoRayGround \ -phyType Phy/WirelessPhy \ -channelType Channel/WirelessChannel \ -ifqType Queue/DropTail/PriQueue \ -ifqLen <integer> \

  37. Basic – node config (con.) -agentTrace ON or OFF \ -routerTrace ON or OFF \ -macTrace ON or OFF \ -movementTrace ON or OFF

  38. Simple-wireless.tcl (con.) for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} { set node_($i) [$ns_ node] $node_($i) random-motion 0;# disable random motion } $node_(0) set X_ 5.0 $node_(0) set Y_ 2.0 $node_(0) set Z_ 0.0 $node_(1) set X_ 390.0 $node_(1) set Y_ 385.0 $node_(1) set Z_ 0.0

  39. Simple-wireless.tcl (con.) # # Now produce some simple node movements # Node_(1) starts to move towards node_(0) # $ns_ at 50.0 "$node_(1) setdest 25.0 20.0 15.0" $ns_ at 10.0 "$node_(0) setdest 20.0 18.0 1.0" # Node_(1) then starts to move away from node_(0) $ns_ at 100.0 "$node_(1) setdest 490.0 480.0 15.0"

  40. Simple-wireless.tcl (con.) # Setup traffic flow between nodes # TCP connections between node_(0) and node_(1) set tcp [new Agent/TCP] $tcp set class_ 2 set sink [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns_ attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp $ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $sink $ns_ connect $tcp $sink set ftp [new Application/FTP] $ftp attach-agent $tcp $ns_ at 10.0 "$ftp start"

  41. Simple-wireless.tcl (con.) # # Tell nodes when the simulation ends # for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} { $ns_ at 150.0 "$node_($i) reset"; } $ns_ at 150.0 "stop" $ns_ at 150.01 "puts \"NS EXITING...\" ; $ns_ halt"

  42. Simple-wireless.tcl (con.) proc stop {} { global ns_ tracefd $ns_ flush-trace close $tracefd } puts "Starting Simulation..." $ns_ run

  43. Basic • Create Node for{set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} { set node_($i) [$ns_ node]} • Random initial node position for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i}{ $node_($i) set X_ [expr { $val(x)*rand() } ] $node_($i) set Y_ [expr { $val(y)*rand() } ] $node_($i) set Z_ 0.0 $node_($i) radius 500} Only wireless node

  44. Node • Initial node size • for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} { $ns_ initial_node_pos $node_($i) 50;} • Link • $ns duplex-link $n0 $n2 2Mb 10ms DropTail • $node_($i) radius 500

More Related