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The Union in Peril

The Union in Peril. Conflict Over Status of Territories. Wilmot Proviso (1846) fails to ban slavery from newly acquired Mexican territories Free Soil Movement Party Found support from northern Democrats and Whigs Didn’t demand end to slavery, only spread of slavery.

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The Union in Peril

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  1. The Union in Peril

  2. Conflict Over Status of Territories • Wilmot Proviso (1846) fails to ban slavery from newly acquired Mexican territories • Free Soil Movement Party • Found support from northern Democrats and Whigs • Didn’t demand end to slavery, only spread of slavery

  3. Conflict Over Status of Territories • Southern position: oppose abolitionists, Free Soilers, favor extending 36°30’ westward • Popular Sovereignty • Lewis Cass, Michigan Democrat… let the people decide

  4. Conflict Over Status of Territories • Election of 1848 • Democrats nominate Cass • Whigs nominate Zachary Taylor • Free-Soil Party nominates Martin Van Buren • Taylor won because vote siphoned off by Free-Soil party in NY and PA

  5. Conflict Over Status of Territories • Election of 1848 • Taylor won because vote siphoned off by Free-Soil party in NY and PA

  6. The Compromise of 1850 • California joins as free state • Utah and New Mexico to join as territories, w/ popular sovereignty • Ban slave trade in DC, but allow slavery there • Adopt new fugitive slave law • All proposed initially by Henry Clay

  7. The Compromise of 1850 • Daniel Webster speaks on behalf in order to preserve the Union • John C. Calhoun speaks against, insists on Southern territorial rights

  8. The Compromise of 1850 • Millard Fillmore succeeds deceased Taylor, supports compromise • Stephen A. Douglas gathers support for individual portions of plan

  9. Agitation Over Slavery • Fugitive Slave Law • Track down runaway slaves • Lack of rights for the accused

  10. Agitation Over Slavery • Underground Railroad

  11. Agitation Over Slavery - Literature • Harriet Beecher Stowe’sUncle Tom’s Cabin

  12. Agitation Over Slavery - Literature • Hinton R. Helper’s nonfiction Impending Crisis of the South

  13. Agitation Over Slavery - Literature • Southern response • Slavery positive for masters and slaves • Sanctioned by the Bible, history • Attacks on northern “wage slaves” • Literature & laws polarized the sides

  14. National Parties in Crisis • Election of 1852 • Dem’s nominated “doughface” Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire • Whigs nominated Winfield Scott, ignored slavery • Whigs lose big time

  15. National Parties in Crisis

  16. Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) • Repeals Missouri Compromise • Some Northerners sees it as slave power conspiracy

  17. The Republican Party • Know-Nothings surge but fail • Republican party forms (1854) as coalition of Free-Soilers, antislavery Whigs, dissatisfied Democrats • Oppose extension of slavery

  18. Election of 1856

  19. Extremism & Violence • “Bleeding Kansas” – Border Ruffians v. Free-State Warriors

  20. Extremism & Violence • Caning of Senator Sumner

  21. Constitutional Issues • Lecompton Constitution – proslavery constitution of Kansas • Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)

  22. Lincoln-Douglas Debates • Stephen Douglas debates Abraham Lincoln • Slavery key issue

  23. John Brown’s Raid

  24. Election of 1860

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