GREECE

1. GREECE Aim: What is the most important accomplishment that is given to us from the ancient Greeks? By: Miss Buffalino Text book Pages 231-234

2. Definition:Classical Civilizations • Societies whose structures influenced subsequent societies long after the original classical societies had disappeared. • These civilizations developed innovations that became long-term patterns for subsequent societies and cultures.

3. The Geography of Greece

4. The Geography of Greece • Peninsula (mainland) • Archipelago • Mountainous • Rugged topography • DEVELOPED CITY-STATES AS A RESULT

7. Culture Athens – valued education, importance on human effort. Humanism – individual achievement. Philosophy – Aristotle, Socrates, Plato Developed sculpture, literature, math, written language, record keeping. Polytheism

8. Political Organization POLIS – center of city-states Athens Acropolis – hilltop Athens – first ruled by tyrants who gained power from military expertise Direct democracy Pericles Developed colonies along the Mediterranean

9. Political Organization Sparta Military state Women had more rights Strong military Developed colonies along the Mediterranean Peloponnesian War (conflict between Athens and Sparta) 431 to 404 B.C

10. Social Structure Sparta theoretically equal; wealth accumulation not allowed. Slavery widely practiced throughout. Women had relative freedom; women in Sparta encouraged to be physically fit, treated better than women in Athens. Athens – equality for free males, women and slaves had little freedom.

11. Homer

13. Minoan Greece Bronze age (most developed in metal working) 2700 to 1450 BC Island of Crete cultural achievements took place. Benefited through sea-trade

14. Crete: Minoan Civilization(Palace at Knossos)

15. Knossos: Minoan Civilization

16. Minoan Civilization

19. Is a cultural period of Ancient Greece taking its name from the archaeological site of Mycenae The last phase of the Bronze Age in Ancient Greece, it is the historical setting of much ancient Greek literature and myth, including the epics of Homer. Benefited through conquest. The Mycenaean Civilization

20. The Mycenaean Civilization

22. The Parthenon - Acropolis

23. The Parthenon

24. The Lincoln Memorial

25. Olympia 776 BC Approximately

26. The Ancient Olympics:Athletes & Trainers

27. The Classical Greek “Ideal”

29. Golden “Age of Pericles”:460 BCE – 429 BCE

31. Direct Democracy in Greece • Vote on the issues • Periclean democracy • Athens's “Golden Age”

32. Pericles’ Funeral Oration "We are a democracy because the power to make the laws is given to the many rather than the few. But while the law gives equal justice to everyone, it has not failed to reward excellence. While every citizen has an equal opportunity to serve the public, we reward our most distinguished [best] citizens by asking them to make our political decisions. Nor do we discriminate against the poor. A man may serve his country no matter how low his position on the social scale.An Athenian citizen does not put his private affairs before the affairs of the state; even our merchants and businessmen know something about politics. We alone believe that a man who takes no interest in public affairs is more than harmless—he is useless.” —"Pericles’ Funeral Oration"Athens, 5th century BC What is the duty of the Athenian citizen?