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Tchaikovsky

Peter Ilyich. Tchaikovsky. A Bibliography Written By: Keila Peck. Tchaikovsky. A Russian Composer. (Peter). About Tchaikovsky. He was born on May 7, 184o. He was born in Votkinsk in the Vyatka district of Russia.

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Tchaikovsky

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  1. Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky A Bibliography Written By: Keila Peck

  2. Tchaikovsky A Russian Composer (Peter)

  3. About Tchaikovsky He was born on May 7, 184o. He was born in Votkinsk in the Vyatka district of Russia. His father was a successful Engineer and his mother was of French ancestry.

  4. Interest In Music Peter and his siblings received a sound education from their French governess. At age four, he and his sister wrote a song for their mother. He started piano lessons at the young age of five. He then attended a school in St. Petersburg where he was taking music and conducting lessons.

  5. A Devastating Loss Peter loved and adored his mother very much, being away from her while he attended school was very difficult for him. When Peter was only fourteen years old, his mother passed away. Her death devastated him. However, her death may have been the reason he started to compose music.

  6. Continuing On Peter graduated at the age of 19. He then took a post at the Ministry of Justice and stayed there for four years. While there, he met Nikolai and Anton Rubinstein; both composers. Peter was soon the first composition student at Russia’s first conservatory opened by Anton Rubinstein in 1863.

  7. In 1866, Peter was appointed Professor of theory and harmony by Nikolai Rubinstein. He then moved to Moscow to attend Nikolai’s newly built conservatory and trying support himself on his earnings there since his father was no longer able to. He performed his first symphony in 1868 in Moscow. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7bQNKmazIc In the 1970’s he worked as an all-around musician and in 1975 he composed his Piano Concerto No. 1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7MAriotZyE

  8. More Music… The years following his Piano Concerto No. 1 came many more pieces. These included: “The Voyevoda” (Which later helped produce “The Oprichnick.” His Second Symphony Two string quartets “Vakula The Smith” (His next opera) Then, The Third Symphony “Swan Lake” “Carmen” “Ring”

  9. And More Music… Not being able to accept his homosexuality left Peter very depressed by the time he reached home. Nevertheless, he never stopped composing. He then wrote: “Francesca da Rimini” “Rococo Variations” “Vakula” Peter was then contacted by an admirer, Nadezhda Von Meck, who, even though they had never met, wanted to give him financial security.

  10. A Disastrous Marriage Still depressed about his homosexuality, Peter saw marriage as a solution. So he later married AntoninaMilyukova. Their marriage quickly turned disastrous and Peter ran away and attempted suicide. But yet again, he continued to conduct music and many great works were written. The Fourth Symphony “Eugene Onegin” Violin Concerto The Fifth Symphony “Sleeping Beauty”

  11. Antonina’s Death Peter and his brother, both misogynist’s (one who hates women) were very cruel to Antonina and she suffered through cruel criticism and rejection from her husband. Still married, in 1917 his wife, Antonina, became mentally ill and passed away. (Antonina)

  12. “Hermit of Klin” Peter’s fame extended to all of America and Europe. To rest from public appearances, Peter then went to a place called Klin. Which is where he became known as the “Hermit of Klin.” His opera, “The Queen of Spades” was finished in 1890. And, up until now he was still receiving money from Nadezhda Von Meck when she finally cut him off. Her rejection upset Peter.

  13. His Final Works In 1891, a tour in the United States brought much success. His Sixth Symphony was first performed October 28, 1893. Just 9 days later, Peter passed away. It is uncertain whether a disease of the small intestine ,called cholera, was the cause of his death, or whether he had committed suicide.

  14. A Tribute To Tchaikovsky http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B95izSvov7E Works included: 1) Piano Concerto No.1, Op.23, 1st Mvmt2) Piano Concerto No.1, Op.23, 3rd Mvmt3) The Nutcracker, Op. 71 March 4) The Nutcracker, Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy 5) The Nutcracker, Op. 71 Trepak6) The Nutcracker, Op. 71 Waltz of the Flowers 7) The Sleeping Beauty, The Lilac Fairy 8) The Sleeping Beauty, Pas d'action9) The Sleeping Beauty, Op. 66 Waltz 10) The Sleeping Beauty, Finale 11) 1812 Overture, Op. 49 12) Swan Lake, Scene: Lake in Moonlight 13) Swan Lake, Op. 20 Waltz (Peter)

  15. Bibliography "Antonina Tchaikovsky." Tchaikovsky. N.p., 14 Nov. 2010. Web. 8 July 2011. <http://www.tchaikovsky-research.net/en/people/tchaikovskaia_antonina.html>. Holden,AnthonyTchaikovsky: : A Biography Random House; 1st U.S. ed edition (February 27, 1996) "Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky Biography." Encyclopedia of World Biography. N.p., 2011. Web. 27 June 2011. <http://www.notablebiographies.com/St-Tr/Tchaikovsky-Peter- Ilyich.html>.  "PyotrIlyich Tchaikovsky ." 8notes. N.p., 2011. Web. 27 June 2011. <http://www.8notes.com/ biographies/tchaikovsky.asp>.      "Tchaikovsky, PyotrIlyich." The Grove Concise Dictionary of Music. Macmillan PublishersLtd., 2011. Web. 27 June 2011. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/ tchaikovsky.html. Tchaikovsky. "A Tribute to Tchaikovsky ." YouTube. Web. 8 July 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=B95izSvov7E>. Tchaikovsky. "Piano Concerto No.1 Mvt III." YouTube. Web. 8 July 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=B95izSvov7E>. Tchaikovsky. "Symphony No.1 'Winter Daydreams' (Mov.1/4) [1/2] ." YouTube. Web. 8 July 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7bQNKmazIc>.

  16. Composition History “Swan Lake” & “The Nutcracker” Written By: Keila Peck

  17. “Swan Lake” Tchaikovsky’s first major ballet piece. Commissioned in 1875, and finished in 1876. Derived from a Russian Folk Tale. About a prince who falls in love with a woman who has been turned into a swan.

  18. Once having negative opinions on ballet music, after studying it in detail Tchaikovsky found it to be very interesting. • Previous material from “The Voyevoda” was used in composing “Swan Lake.”

  19. “Swan Lake” may be popular now, but it’s first production in Moscow 1877 was not well received. • People thought the storyline was ‘stupid’ and believed it was too complex for a ballet piece. • Nevertheless, “Swan Lake” continued to be performed and is now one of the greatest ballets of all time

  20. Bibliography "PyotrIlyich Tchaikovsky Swan Lake." Classic Cat. N.p., 2011. Web. 27 June 2011. <http://www.classiccat.net/tchaikovsky_pi/20a.info.php>.    "Tchaikovsky - Swan Lake." Free Republic. N.p., 2011. Web. 27 J June 2011.<http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f- chat/1829272/posts>.

  21. “The Nutcracker” Commissioned by Ivan Vsevolozhsky in 1981. Was first premiered Christmas time in 1892. The suite achieved instant popularity.

  22. “The Nutcracker” was first performed at a double premier around Christmas time in 1892 in St. Petersburg, Russia. • Tchaikovsky was far less satisfied with “The Nutcracker” than his previous ballet, “Sleeping Beauty.”

  23. The music is part of the Romantic Period. • Without intermission, the original ballet is about eighty-five minutes long. • At first, critics believed it had ‘poor stage performance’ but it is now one of the most well-known and popular ballets and is still being performed today.

  24. Bibliography "Nutcracker, the classic Christmas story ballet, background." Moscow Ballet. N.p., 2011. Web. 27 June 2011. <http://www.nutcracker.com/Nutcracker_History.php>.    "Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy." 8notes. N.p., 2011. Web. 27 June 2011. <http://www.8notes.com/ scores/9644.asp>.

  25. Listening Guides “Swan Lake” & “The Nutcracker” Written By: Keila Peck

  26. “Swan Lake”Act II 00:00 Intro- The strings come in to set the scene of it being on a moonlit lake. at this point you can hear both the harp and the tremolo strings and it is heard throughout this movement. 00:04 While the harp and strings continue to play in the background, a a solo oboe comes in and plays the gliding swan theme.  00:30 The theme continues as the music rises and falls. At this point you can still hear the harp in the background  1:02 Along with the theme, the horns come in very loudly. It is accompanied by the timpani and the strings.  1:27 Woodwinds come in to set up a triplet accompaniment. The theme is continued with high strings, followed by woodwinds and pizzicato bases.

  27. 2:05 Crescendo- Low brass instruments come in to play.  2:18 More crescendo- Trumpets are added.  2:32 Climax- The whole orchestra is playing. You can hear the timpani, followed by a mass of strings. The woodwinds and violins then come in, but not as loudly as before.  2:52 You can start to hear the bassoons, basses, and cellos. It’s becoming softer.  3:30 There is a mixture of a harp, low strings, timpani, and the harp. It is in a minor key.  4:18 There is a moderate tempo, you can still hear the same instruments playing in the background, but they seem to be fading and getting quieter.   5:00- These are the final notes, still getting quieter. You can hear the 5:06 tremolo strings until it finally comes to an end.

  28. “Swan Lake” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RuxWSDVwTlY

  29. “The Nutcracker”Op. 71 Fifth Movement 00:02 Soft opening consisting of only French horns 00:06 A harp begins to play a soft cord that rises, the horns then continue to play again. *This is repeated a few more times until 00:24* 00:24 The harps start to play again, only this time it is much more spaced out slower than it was before. 1:03 The horns stop playing and the harp comes back in for the solo. The harp notes up and back down, and then a couple more times only faster than before.

  30. 1:42 Again, the harp plays notes that are going up and down really fast just as before. 2:08 There is a soft ascending ending when the harp stops playing and then it becomes silent. 2:11 Horns begin to play again, with the same bouncy beat as it was before with the notes going up, down and then repeating a few more times. 2:37 While the horns continue to play, the violins come in to play a consistent melody until the clarinet comes in. 3:01 The violin and the horns continue playing and the clarinet stops. 3:23 The instruments get louder, but have a slightly different melody than before, then the clarinet comes in once again.

  31. 3:31 The instruments stay loud, a new melody is played that is more upbeat than before. The violins, which seem to be the main instrument, get louder. 3:56 The flute comes in to play a melody that increases and has a slightly different ending. 4:40 The new melody starts over again and begins with the violins, the violins continue to play as the instruments become louder once again. The flute then comes in and plays the same increasing melody. 5:08 The tone is more upbeat and the flute comes in to play another increasing melody. 5:18 The flute and the clarinet begin to play using different pitches and tones (as if they were talking to one another) 6:00 The melody goes back to normal as the clarinet stops playing.

  32. 6:35 The flute comes in louder, instruments get louder and the notes get stronger. 6:52 The same melody still continues. 7:10- The melody continues as the other instruments stop playing and only 7:12 the violins are left as they get softer and softer until they stop as well.

  33. “The Nutcracker” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHYwVfN3wY4

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