Bell Ringer

1. Bell Ringer Reconstruction Define:

2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Describe the Word Synonym Vocabulary Map Vocabulary Word: Reconstruction Use the word in a sentence: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Draw a picture representing the meaning of the vocab word

3. Reconstruction The Rebuilding of the Union After the Civil War 1863-1877

4. The Emancipation Proclamation • Those slaves were forever free. • Slaves & Freemen could join the military. • Took effect on January 1st, 1863. • The first step of Reconstruction. • Issued after the Battle of Antietam. (1862) • Freed all slaves located in Confederate States.

5. What is Slavery? “Slavery is enjoying the fruits of another man’s labor, without permission.”

6. How do you enjoy freedom? “Give us land and then we can enjoy the fruits of our labor.” • Sherman began to set aside land in plots of 40 acres and gave out the worn down mules from the military

7. April 9, 1865 Appomattox Court House, Virginia

8. “Blacks who have so heroically vindicated their manhood on the battle-field, where, in assisting to serve the life of the Republic, they have demonstrated in blood their right to the Ballot.” “The restoration of the Rebel States to the Union must rest upon the principle of Civil and political equality of both races.” How would the South react to this speech?

9. April 14th, 1865

11. "Our country owed all her troubles to him, and God simply made me the instrument of his punishment"

12. Oh Captain!My Captain!

13. Lesson Objectives • What were the opposing views of Reconstruction in the wake of the Civil War?  • Who supported these competing views and why? • Was Reconstruction a success?  Why or why not?

14. The War Is Over

15. Virgil Caine is the name, and I served on the Danville train

16. 'Til Stoneman's cavalry came and tore up the tracks again.

17. In the winter of '65, We were hungry, just barely alive.

18. By May the tenth, Richmond had fell, it's a time I remember, oh so well,

24. Back with my wife in Tennessee, When one day she called to me,

25. "Virgil, quick, come see, there goes Robert E. Lee!"

26. Now I don't mind choppin' wood, and I don't care if ma money's no good.Ya take what ya need and ya leave the rest,But they should never have taken the very best.

32. Like my father before me, I’m a working man,

33. Like my brother before me, who took a rebel stand.

34. He was just eighteen, proud and brave, But a Yankee laid him in his grave.

35. The War Is Over? "The countryside looked for many miles like a broad, black streak of ruin and desolation, the fences all gone, lonesome smokestacks surrounded by dark heaps of ashes and cinders. The fields along the road wildly overgrown by weeds, and here and there a sickly patch of cotton or corn cultivated by Negro squatters." - Carl Schurz

36. Questions to be Answered during Reconstruction • How would the South rebuild its society and economy? • What would be the place in society of the freed blacks? • How would the southern states reenter the Union? • Who would be in charge, the President or Congress?

37. Conflicts Still Remain…

38. North hopes to continue economic progress

39. Southern Aristocracy still needed cheap labor supply

40. Lincoln believed the southern states had never left the Union because the Constitution did notallow Secession

41. “With Malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds.” Abraham Lincoln 2nd Inaugural Address

42. Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction 1863 • Full presidential pardons granted to most southerners who (1) took an oath of allegiance to the Union and US Constitution and (2) accepted the emancipation of slaves. • A state government could be reestablished as soon as 10% of the voters in that state took the loyalty oath

43. This 10% Plan was seen by many northerners as too lenient The Wade-Davis Bill was a more harsh response passed by a RadicalRepublican led Congress.

44. With Lincoln’s untimely death, the conflict between the Presidency and Congress over Reconstruction erupted.

45. The Wrong Man at the Wrong Time • A white supremacist from Tennessee • A Tailor by trade • Self-educated man • Became President after Lincoln’s Assassination

46. “Lick My Boots!” • Johnson changed plan from 10% to 51% • State Conventions must pass the 13th Amendment abolishing slavery • Added that if a Southerner who owned property worth $20,000 or more they were excluded and must request a pardon personally before Andrew Johnson • Johnson hated this upper class of Southerners and blamed them for starting the war

47. Johnson’s Plan • Considered too lenient like Lincoln’s • Clause allowed president to grant pardons, which he did regularly to former southern statesmen (Who else would run the South?)

48. Johnson was willing to admit states once the portion that swore the loyalty oath had written a constitution and established a new government • The South rushed to form new governments that they would have a say in forming before the new Congress returned

49. The South’s Response – Black Codes • Many states passed laws restricting the rights of freedmen. • Vagrancy laws – forced former slaves to work for low wages for the same people who used to own slaves

50. Radical Republicans • Believed the South should be punished for starting the war • Hoped to protect the rights of freed men – especially suffrage and free labor