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Alabama Best Management Practices for Forestry

Alabama Best Management Practices for Forestry. Alabama’s Best Management Practices for Forestry. “… are voluntary guidelines to help maintain and protect the physical chemical and biological integrity of waters of the state.”. BMPs are Designed to reduce and/or prevent NPS Pollution.

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Alabama Best Management Practices for Forestry

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  1. Alabama Best Management Practices for Forestry

  2. Alabama’s Best Management Practices for Forestry “… are voluntary guidelines to help maintain and protect the physical chemical and biological integrity of waters of the state.”

  3. BMPs are Designed to reduce and/or prevent NPS Pollution. Sediment (loose soil particles) Organic materials (tree tops and limbs) Temperature (caused by the removal of shade) Trash Pesticides and Nutrients (herbicides & fertilizers)

  4. Responsibility “… all those involved in the authorization, planning and implementation of forestry operations.” Landowners Forest resource managers Timber purchasers Loggers Vendors

  5. There are 7 Individual BMPs • Streamside Management Zones • Stream Crossings • Forest Roads • Timber Harvesting • Reforestation /Stand Management • Forested Wetland Mgt. • Revegetation/Stabilization

  6. There are 7 Individual BMPs1. Streamside Management Zones

  7. Other names for Streamside Management Zones (SMZs): • Leave Strips • Buffer Zones • Wildlife Corridors • Riparian Zones • Hardwood Stringers

  8. Streamside Management Zones Things to Consider: • Width should vary (min. 35 feet) • Protect from destabilization • Maintain shade and organic recruitment • Maintain forest floor • Control: logging debris, mech. operations, pesticides, fertilizers, trash

  9. SMZ Illustration

  10. Harvesting in a SMZ should be done so as to protect the forest floor & understory veg. from damage.

  11. There are 7 Individual BMPs • Streamside Management Zones • Stream Crossings • Forest Roads • Timber Harvesting • Reforestation /Stand Management • Forested Wetland Mgt. • Revegetation/Stabilization

  12. 2. Stream Crossings • Avoid crossing streams if possible • Use the fewest number as possible • Locate and construct with least damage • Install at right angles to stream • Remove temporary crossings • Stabilize and maintain permanent crossings

  13. Log Crossings

  14. Culverts Make fill over a culvert the high spot in the crossing. Use adequate size

  15. Proper Installation Is Critical • Place culvert on stream bottom; do not dig out • Culvert should have 2-3% pitch downstream • Compact lower half of fill during installation • Provide for stream overflow away from culvert fill to prevent blowouts

  16. Forded Stream Crossings

  17. A geoweb ford, when properly installed can be a good alternative to a culvert in the right situation.

  18. Bridges create the least disruption to stream flow

  19. Portable bridges can be used for temporary stream crossings

  20. There are 7 Individual BMPs • Streamside Management Zones • Stream Crossings • Forest Roads • Timber Harvesting • Reforestation /Stand Management • Forested Wetland Mgt. • Revegetation/Stabilization

  21. 3. Forest Roads • Proper planning and location is key • Avoid problem areas • Minimize soil exposure • Stabilize exposed soil • Close temporary roads • Maintain permanent roads • DRAINAGE, DRAINAGE Ex: Crowned road

  22. Turnout ditches should be installed • 3% slope = 235’ • 5% slope = 180’ • 10% slope = 140’ • 15% slope = 125’

  23. There are 7 Individual BMPs • Streamside Management Zones • Stream Crossings • Forest Roads • Timber Harvesting • Reforestation /Stand Management • Forested Wetland Mgt. • Revegetation/Stabilization

  24. 4. Timber Harvesting • Develop a harvesting plan • Location of landings • Felling direction • Proper skid trails • Harvesting system • Trash disposal Things to Consider:

  25. Selecting the right harvesting system is critical

  26. There are 7 Individual BMPs • Streamside Management Zones • Stream Crossings • Forest Roads • Timber Harvesting • Reforestation /Stand Management • Forested Wetland Mgt. • Revegetation/Stabilization

  27. 5. Reforestation /Stand Management

  28. 5. Reforestation Stand Mgt.includes recommendations on: • Mech. site prep (subsoiling on contour) • Chemical site prep (follow label) • Prescribed burning (stabilize firelines) • Tree planting (machine planting should be done on contour)

  29. Mech. site prep (subsoiling on contour)

  30. Prescribed burning (stabilize firelines)

  31. There are 7 Individual BMPs • Streamside Management Zones • Stream Crossings • Forest Roads • Timber Harvesting • Reforestation /Stand Management • Forested Wetland Mgt. • Revegetation/Stabilization

  32. 6. Forested Wetland Mgt.

  33. There are 7 Individual BMPs • Streamside Management Zones • Stream Crossings • Forest Roads • Timber Harvesting • Reforestation /Stand Management • Forested Wetland Mgt. • Revegetation/Stabilization

  34. 7. Revegetation / Stabilization.includes recommendations on: • Site preparation • Applying limestone & fertilizer • Plant species recommendations • Mulching • Vegetative establishment

  35. 7. Revegetation / Stabilization.

  36. QUESTIONS?

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