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Plant Anatomy

Plant Anatomy. Plant TISSUES. Dermal epidermis (“skin” of plant) single layer of tightly packed cells that covers & protects plant Ground bulk of plant tissue photosynthetic mesophyll , storage Vascular transport system in shoots & roots xylem & phloem. Vascular tissue.

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Plant Anatomy

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  1. Plant Anatomy

  2. Plant TISSUES • Dermal • epidermis (“skin” of plant) • single layer of tightly packed cells that covers & protects plant • Ground • bulk of plant tissue • photosynthetic mesophyll, storage • Vascular • transport system in shoots & roots • xylem & phloem

  3. Vascular tissue vessel elements • Xylem • move water & minerals up from roots • dead cells at functional maturity • only cell walls remain • need empty pipes to efficiently move H2O • transpirational pull vessel element dead cells Aaaah… Structure–Functionagain! tracheids

  4. Phloem: food-conducting cells • carry sugars & nutrients throughout plant sieve tube companion cell sieve plate plasmodesmata living cells

  5. Phloem: food-conducting cells • sieve tube elements & companion cells

  6. Aaaah… Structure–Functionagain! Phloem • Living cells at functional maturity • cell membrane, cytoplasm • control of diffusion • lose their nucleus, ribosomes & vacuole • more room for specialized transport of liquid food (sucrose) • Cells • sieve tubes • sieve plates — end walls — have pores to facilitate flow of fluid between cells • companion cells • nucleated cells connected to the sieve-tube • help sieve tubes

  7. Phloem sieve plate sieve tubes

  8. Vascular tissue in stems dicot trees & shrubs monocot grasses & lilies collect annual rings

  9. Vascular tissue in roots: dicot xylem phloem

  10. Vascular tissue in roots: monocot xylem phloem

  11. Putting it all together • Obtaining raw materials • sunlight • leaves = solar collectors • CO2 • stomates = gas exchange • H2O • uptake from roots • nutrients • uptake from roots

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