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The French Revolution

The French Revolution. Standard. Standard 3: History: WORLD HISTORY-Understand important historical events from classical civilization through the present. Benchmark.

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The French Revolution

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  1. The French Revolution

  2. Standard • Standard 3: History: WORLD HISTORY-Understand important historical events from classical civilization through the present

  3. Benchmark • Compare the causes and effects of the early modern democratic revolutions, including the American Revolution, French Revolution, Haitian Revolution, and South American revolutions

  4. French Revolution • What: overthrow of French monarchy to a republic • When: 1789 to 1799 • Sig: first time monarchy overthrown for a democracy • Connection: led to nationalism

  5. Links to the Past • Enlightenment • Revolutionaries used Enlightenment ideas. • Emphasize individual • Rejected divine right • American Revolution • Found inspiration from them • Showed Enlightenment ideas can work

  6. Causes-Political and Social • Political and social inequalities • King ruled as absolute monarch • What is an absolute monarch? • French people divided into 3 estates-social classes.

  7. Causes-Political and Social (con’t) • First estate-clergy (priests)-130,000 people. • Divided into higher and lower clergy. • Second estate-nobility-350,000 people. • First and Second estate exempt from taxes, were wealthy. • Third estate-commoners-27 million people. • farmers, skilled laborers, middle class. • Each estate had one vote.

  8. Causes-Political and Social (con’t)

  9. Causes-Economic • King Louis XVI spent too much money. • 1789-government bankrupt. • Who do you think will bear the brunt of taxes?

  10. Causes-Enlightenment • American Revolution encouraged Frenchmen to fight for their freedom against tyranny. • Ideas of Enlightenment thinkers encouraged French to go against rulers. • Who were some Enlightenment thinkers and what were their ideas?

  11. Events • King Louis XVI called a meeting (Estates-General) in 1789 • Third Estate deputies upset with voting procedure. • Third Estate deputies withdrew, called itself a National Assembly, agreed to draft a constitution. • Which other country had a constitution already?

  12. Events (con’t) • Third Estate deputies swore a Tennis Court Oath-promised to write a constitution. • King Louis XVI was going to use force, but the commoners stormed Bastille-armory and prison in Paris. • Storming of Bastille started French Revolution, 1789.

  13. Events (con’t) • National Assembly wrote Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. • Freedom and rights to all citizens, access to public office based on talent, end to exemptions from taxes, all citizens could make laws, freedom of speech and press. • What is this based off of?

  14. Effects of French Revolution • No more nobility • Catholic Church had lands seized and sold, also French government controlled it. • Clergy elected by people and paid by state. • It led to wars with other countries like Austria and Prussia to attack. • Why? • French died to protect their country, their identity as Frenchmen.

  15. Effects (con’t) • Led to reign of terror • Anyone associated with royal family was executed. • United States condemned it because of executions. • Led to rise of Napoleon

  16. Effects (con’t) • France no longer a medieval state. • Kept church and politics separate. • Enduring administrative and legal system Napoleon would spread throughout Europe. • Led to European Nationalism after Napoleon.

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