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Typhoid Fever

Typhoid Fever. Darcy Johnson Camilla Jones. Etiology . Salmonella Typhi Gram negative Bacillus. Reservoir. Humans Humans may become chronic carriers of Typhoid Fever They will shed the disease in urine and stool

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Typhoid Fever

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  1. Typhoid Fever Darcy Johnson Camilla Jones

  2. Etiology • SalmonellaTyphi • Gram negative Bacillus

  3. Reservoir • Humans • Humans may become chronic carriers of Typhoid Fever • They will shed the disease in urine and stool • If you work at a job where you handle food or care for small children, you may be barred legally from going back to work until a doctor has determined that you no longer carry any typhoid bacteria • “Typhoid Mary”

  4. Signs and Symptoms • Incubation period lasts 1-2 weeks • Disease will last up to 6 weeks • Symptoms include Poor appetite Abdominal pain Rose spots Headaches Generalized aches and pains Fever often up to 104°F Lethargy Intestinal bleeding or perforation Diarrhea Bloody stool Chills Severe fatigue Weakness Chronic carrier

  5. Transmission •  Contaminated food, drink, or water • Ill people and carriers shed this disease in their feces • Eating food that was handled by someone who is shedding SalmonellaTyphi • It travels to your intestines, and then into your bloodstream, where they can get to your lymph nodes, gallbladder, liver, spleen, and other parts of your body.

  6. Diagnosis • Complete Blood Count will show high number of white blood cells • Within the first week a blood culture will show Salmonella typhi • Stool culture

  7. Prevention and Control • Avoid risky foods and drinks especially when traveling • Get vaccinated • Treat water that you drink • Only eat fully cooked foods • Avoid raw vegetables and fruits that cannot be peeled • "Boil it, cook it, peel it, or forget it“ • Appropriate antibiotics are given to kill the bacteria, but rates are increasing of antibiotic resistance through out the world

  8. Vaccines Given in the United States

  9. Facts • 400 cases are reported in US per year • more common in children and young adults than in older patients • With early treatment the mortality rate is under 1% • Untreated the mortality rate is between 12-30%

  10. Sources • http://diseases.emedtv.com/typhoid-fever/mortality-rate-of-typhoid-fever.html • http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002308/ • http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/divisions/dfbmd/diseases/typhoid_fever/

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