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Napoleon’s Empire Collapses

Napoleon’s Empire Collapses. Chapter 23 Section 4. I Napoleon’s Three Costly Mistakes A. the Continental System (1 st Mistake). Continental System= Napoleon signed decree ordering blockade to prevent all trade & comm. Between GB & other European nations Blockade= forcible closing of ports

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Napoleon’s Empire Collapses

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  1. Napoleon’s Empire Collapses Chapter 23 Section 4

  2. I Napoleon’s Three Costly MistakesA. the Continental System (1st Mistake) • Continental System= Napoleon signed decree ordering blockade to prevent all trade & comm. Between GB & other European nations • Blockade= forcible closing of ports • Supposed to make continental Europe more self sufficient & destroy GB commercial and industrial econ. • Blockade did not work because his orders were ignored & smugglers imported British cargo • Damaged GB trade but did not destroy it

  3. Also, the British responded w/ their own blockade • GB navy stopped neutral ships heading for continent and forced them to saild to GB port to be taxed • GB’s better navy allowed them to make their blockade work • American ships were among those stoppedangered the USdeclared war on GB in 1812 • Continental System hurt Napoleon more than it hurt his enemies • It weakened economies of France & their other lands more than GB

  4. B. The Peninsular War (2nd Mistake) • Portugal ignoring Continental Systemsends army through spain to attack Portugal • Spanish towns riotNopoleon deposes king and puts his brother on throne • This moved inflamed Spanish nationalistic feelings • Also angered by Rev. taking power from Catholic churchfear same would happen in loyal catholic spain

  5. Guerillas attacked French armies in Spain • Guerillas= bands of Spanish peasant fighters • British aid by sending troops to aid rebels • Peninsular war (Iberian Peninsula) weakened the French empire • Nationalism in French held territories was now spreading as they felt abused by a foreign conqueror

  6. C. The Invasion of Russia (3rd Mistake) • Russian czar refuses to stop selling grain to GBinvasion of Russia • Distrust between leaders because they believed they had competing ideas for Poland • Napoleon’s army not French but drafted from all over Europelittle loyalty to France • Russians retreat practicing scorched earth policy • Burned grain fields and slaughtering livestock to leave nothing for enemy to eat

  7. Russians retreat from Moscow leaving it in flamesNapolean waits for a Russian surrender • Left in the middle of winter with no surrender and unable to retreat or advancehundreds of his soldiers die

  8. II Napoleon’s DownfallA. The Coalition Defeats Napoleon • Napoleon’s enemies quick to take advantage of his weaknessform the Fourth Coalition • All of Europe's main powers at war w/ France • Napoleon’s army beat in Battle of Leipzig • Continue towards ParisNapoleon surrenders in April 1814 • Napoleon given a pension and exiled (banished) to tiny island on Italian coast

  9. B. A Comeback Fails • New French king was unpopbelieved he wanted to undo rev. reforms • Napoleon escapes and goes to France urging ppl to take back their country • Last ditch effort to regain control known as the Hundred Days was a failure • His law code and some reforms lasted long after deathopening door for freed European countries to establish a new order

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