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Sea Cucumbers

Sea Cucumbers. By: Hannah Johnston. Echinoderms (Phylum Echinodermata ) are a phylum of marine animals. Echinoderms are found at every ocean depth, from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone.

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Sea Cucumbers

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  1. Sea Cucumbers By: Hannah Johnston

  2. Echinoderms (Phylum Echinodermata) are a phylum of marine animals. Echinoderms are found at every ocean depth, from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone. • Sea cucumbers are echinoderms from the class Holothuroidea. They are marine animals with a leathery skin and an elongated body containing a single, branched gonad (organ that makes gametes). Sea cucumbers are found on the sea floor worldwide

  3. Sea Cucumber

  4. Overview • Sea cucumbers have an exoskeleton. • Sea cucumbers communicate with each other through sending hormone signals through the water which others pick up. • Typically 10 to 30 cm. • Diet consists of plankton and dead organtic matter found on the sea floor.

  5. Overview • Some species of the coral reef cucumbers can defend themselves by expelling their sticky cuvierian tubules (enlargements of the respiratory tree that float freely in the coelom) to tangle their predator. • They often travel in large groups (heards) on the sea floor.

  6. Anatomy • The body ranges from almost spherical to worm-like, and lacks the arms found in many other echinoderms, such as starfishes. The anterior end of the animal, containing the mouth, corresponds to the oral pole of other echinoderms (which, in most cases, is the underside), the posterior end contains the anus. Thus, compared with other echinoderms, sea cucumbers can be said to be lying on their side.

  7. Reproduction • Most sea cucumbers reproduce by releasing sperm and ova into the ocean water. Depending on conditions, one organism can produce thousands of gametes. The reproductive system consists of a single gonad, consisting of a cluster of tubules emptying into a single duct that opens on the upper surface of the animal, close to the tentacles.

  8. BIBLIOGRAPHY • http://i.livescience.com/images/070225_sea_cucumbeRs_02.jpg. • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_cucumber • http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/sea-cucumber.html • http://tolweb.org/Holothuroidea • http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://animalreview.files.wordpress.com

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