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HV-LV, cabling & services

Learn about the design, requirements, and evolution of the HV-LV systems for CMS sub-detectors at INFN Naples. Explore the challenges, solutions, and advancements in the field of detector technology.

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HV-LV, cabling & services

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  1. HV-LV, cabling & services I.N.F.N. Naples Introduction Detector description HV-LV requirements HV-LV systems description Cables and connectors DCS Conclusions F. Loddo2, P. Paolucci1, A. Ranieri2 1) I.N.F.N. of Naples, 2) I.N.F.N. of Bari Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  2. Introduction I I.N.F.N. Naples The CMS sub-detectors will be equipped with a large part of the HV and LV systems placed around the detector; in a not “easily accessible” area. The CMS and ATLAS RPC groups are investigating the possibility to have both the systems around the detector, working in a very hard conditions for the high magnetic field and high radiation environment. The LHC RPC groups, in collaboration with the CAEN, have designed and tested an HV-LV prototype (SASY 2000) able to work in an hostile area. The system is based on the idea to split in two the HV and LV systems: • LOCAL:Central system (mainframes) placed in control room; • REMOTE:distribution system placed around/on the detector, consisting of a crate housing the HV and LV boards. A natural evolution of the SASY2000 has been presented to CMS (May 03) by the CAEN company: EASY system. Different solutions are under study by the CMS RPC group Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  3. RB2/3 RB3 and RB4 Bigap Bigap Bigap Bigap Bigap Bigap Bigap Bigap ALV2 DLV2 ALV1 DLV1 Bigap HV1 HV2 HV1 HV2 ALV1 DLV1 ALV2 DLV2 HV1 HV2 Detector description I I.N.F.N. Naples There are 3 different kind of chambers with 2 or 3 bigaps and equipped with 6 or 12 or 18 Front-End Boards RB1 and RB2/2 ALV1 DLV1 ALV2 DLV2 HV1 HV2 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  4. Detector description II I.N.F.N. Naples RB1/RB2in RPC chamber Front-End Bigap Distrib. board Bigap ALV1 DLV1 ALV2 DLV2 ALV Analog Voltage = 7V Absorb. (6FEBs)= 0.42 A DLV DigitalVoltage = 7V Absorb. (6FEBs)= 0.9 A I2C input LV+I2C FEB out LV in Distributes analog and digital LV It supplies LV power to 3 FEB chains It supplies the I2C main line from LB and one backup line from DT. Total power/(ALV+DLV) ch.:1.32 A * 7 V = 9.24 W Expected Power 120 W/sector 7.2 kW/Barrel Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  5. 3 4 1 2 3 4 2 5 Muon racks 1 6 12 7 11 8 10 9 5 6 7 8 Barrel wheel overview I.N.F.N. Naples 5 CMS wheels 12 sectors balcony 12 sectors * 5 wheels = 60 sectors Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  6. 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps LVA channel LVD channel HV channel HV-LV schema for a Barrel sector I.N.F.N. Naples 78 FEBs = 13 ALV+13DLV ch. 17 bi-gaps = 34 HV ch. DT chamber 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 2+2 LV RB4 4+4 HV DT chamber 4+4 HV 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps RB3 2+2 LV 6+6+6 FEBs / 3 bi-gaps 6 LV 6 HV DT chamber RB2 4 LV 4 HV 4 LV 4 HV DT chamber RB1 4 LV 4 HV 2 bi-gaps = 96 strips = 6 FEBs Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  7. System requirements I I.N.F.N. Naples Barrel & Endcap General requirements: • working in high magnetic field(up to 2 Tesla); • working in an high radiation environment(5*1010 p/cm2& 5*1011 n/cm2 & 12-15 kRad); • local system in control room + distributed remote systems on the detector (at least for the LV); • redundancy of the control electronic devices (mP per board) • input voltage from the CMS AC/DC 48V power supply; • looking forward common CMS solutions in order to simplify the hardware and software development/maintenance of the systems Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  8. RPC group LHCC session CERN 21-03-2001 Endcap layout (sector in station 2) I.N.F.N. Naples Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Total number of chambers: 756 Total number of channels: 89,000 20 degree sector R2/1 R2/2 R2/3 High eta Low eta Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  9. System requirements II I.N.F.N. Naples Barrel & Endcap HV requirements: • 12KV/1mA • Ripple < 100 mV pp at load per f < 20 MHz • Programmable voltage 0-12KV • Voltage step 10V • Voltage precision < 10V • V/I/Trip/Status control and monitoring • Error/Power leds LV requirements: • 7V/3A • Ripple < 10 mV pp at load per f < 20 MHz • Programmable voltage 0-8V • Voltage step 100 mV • Voltage precision 100 mV • V/I/Trip/Status control and monitoring • Individual ON/OFF • Error/Power leds Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  10. System requirementsIII I.N.F.N. Naples Control and monitoring system requirements: • Common hardware and software (PVSS II)solution; • Detailed control/monitoring of the remote channels: • voltage/current and temperature • protections, errors and hard-reset for communication lost. • A second independent way to control them (telnet/ssh......) Design requirements: • Possibility to easily increase the HV granularity; • Possibility to easily fix RPC problems: • disconnect high-current/sparking gap/bi-gaps; • modify the HV map in order to group bi-gaps with same working point; • Possibility to measure the RPC working-point in standalone. Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  11. HV-LV system design I.N.F.N. Naples Different HV and LV designs will be described in order to reduce the total cost preserving the system requirements, already analyzed and the trigger functionality: • 1 HV/bigap 2 LV/6FEBs;FULL OPTION • 1 HV/chamber 2 LV/chamber;CHAMBER OPTION • 1 HV/station 2 LV/station;STATION OPTION Then we will analyze two different solutions for both the HV and LV system based on the idea to have them on the detector or in control room. • HV in control room HV on the detector • LV in control room LV on the detector Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  12. 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps HV-LV schema for FULL option I.N.F.N. Naples 26 LV channels 17 HV channels Chambers have been designed with 2 gaps, of adjacent bi-gaps, connected to the same HV channel, in order to reduce the number of HV channels preserving the number of station available for the muon trigger 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 2+2 LV 2+2 HV 2+2 HV 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 2+2 LV 6+6+6 FEBs / 3 bi-gaps 6 LV 3 HV 4 LV 2 HV 4 LV 2 HV 4 LV 2 HV FULL option 1 HV channel per 2-gaps 2 LV channels per 6-FEBs Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  13. HV-LV schema for CHAMBER option I.N.F.N. Naples best solution 16 LV channels8 HV channels 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 2+2 LV 1+1 HV 1+1 HV 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 2+2 LV 6+6+6 FEBs / 3 bi-gaps 2 LV 1 HV Reduction of 2 LV 1 HV 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps HV 1020  480 ch LV 1560  960 ch 2 LV 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 1 HV 2 LV 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 1 HV CHAMBER option 1 HV channel per chamber 2 LV channels per chamber Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  14. HV-LV schema for STATION option I.N.F.N. Naples cheapest solution 12 LV channels6 HV channels 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 2 LV 1 HV 1 HV 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 2 LV 6+6+6 FEBs / 3 bi-gaps 2 LV 1 HV reduction 2 LV 1 HV 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps HV 1020  360 ch LV 1560  720 ch 2 LV 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 1 HV 2 LV 6+6 FEBs / 2 bi-gaps 1 HV STATION option 1 HV channel per station 2 LV channels per station Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  15. More numbers about HV and LV I.N.F.N. Naples Looking at different solutions seems to be reasonable to have the following crate/board design: • HV board with 6 ch.(12 KV / 1 mA) 3 slots width; • LV board with 12 ch.(7 V / 3.2 A) 3 slots width; • 6U standard Eurocard crate housing up to 5 HV/LV boards. What do we have in the station/chamber option ?: 1 HV board/sector  60 or 80 HV boards 1 LV board/sector  60 LV boards Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  16. HV-LV Endcap numbers I.N.F.N. Naples Layer RE1 RE2 RE3 RE4 # chambers 108 90 90 90 Assuming 2 HVs channels/chamber to supply independently top gaps and bottom gaps Layer RE1 RE2 RE3 RE4TOT Boards Crate # HV channels 216 180 180 180756 126 26 Assuming 1 HVs channels/chamber Layer RE1 RE2 RE3 RE4TOT Boards Crate # HV channels 1089090 90 378 63 12 Number are similar to the barrel. They can increase if are placed around the detector Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  17. SASY 2000 prototype I.N.F.N. Naples SASY 2000 prototype The HV-LV prototype 0 consists of:1 HV board (SA2001), 3 LV boards (SA2002) and 1 controller. It has been split in three pieces, following a “logical separation” of the system, in order to study the functionality of every single piece and component. • The following tests has been performed on both the prototypes and will be repeated for the final boards: • Magnetic field test up to 7 KGauss (at CERN) (results shown by CAEN at CERN in May 2002) • Radiation testup to 10 LHC eq-years (at Louvain La Neuve) (results shown) • Test on the RPC to study the noise condition (to be performed at the test station in Bari); • High Stress Testto study the system under very hard conditions (under test in Napoli). Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  18. Ripple measurements I.N.F.N. Naples • We are studying the noise and ripple of the HV and LV boards using a scope connected to a PC equipped with LabVIEW. • After a month we have not seen any unusual noise/events on both the boards. • The ripple peek to peek at load (f < 1 MHz) of the 2 HV channels is < 20 mV while for the 6 LV channels it is about 200 mv ??? The problem is present also when LV is OFF but mainframe is ON (could be a bad ground connection ?) is under study. Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  19. OPC SERVER EASY EASY 3000 EASY Radiation & Magnetic Field EASY RackMount DCS + Standalone EASY EASY EASY EASY 4000 CAN Bus based link Ad-hoc protocol Speed and reliability No interoperability issues Can work in hostile area CAEN EASY project I I.N.F.N. Naples It seems to respect the hardware and software requirements made by CMS but we need a prototype to say YES Full integration in SY1527/SY2527 • 21 slots per crate • 3 kW Maximum Output Power • Magnetic field capability: 2 kGauss • Expected rad.tol.: 5*1010 p/cm2 , 2*1011 n/cm2,15 kRad Per channel: • Independent ON/OFF • Vmon (Connector and Load), Imon • Vset (Software or Hardware) • Programmable Trip, Sense wires • Status Signals • Imax per module (Hardware)

  20. CAEN EASY project II I.N.F.N. Naples boards ready to be produced (on catalog)

  21. Detector and Control Room option I.N.F.N. Naples Looking at our requirements seems to be clear that is much better to have the HV system in control room and the LV on the detector but we have analyzed both the solutions in order to have a complete picture of the systems. What doDetector and Control Room mean ? • Detector: the HV/LV crates are in the racks placed on the balconies (4 per wheel) • Control room: the crate are in the USC zone(100 ?? mt far from the detector). Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  22. HV patch panel HV patch panel LV crate HV crate detector/control room option LV on the detector & HV in USC I.N.F.N. Naples I.N.F.N. Naples Control Room 3 wires cable about 6-15 mt long max 12 watts Total of 480 short HV cables 3 4 3 4 Multi-wire cable (16 couples) about 100-130 mt long max 72 watts Total of 60 long HV cables 2 5 1 6 12 7 8-12 wires cable about 6-15 mt long max 7 watts Total of 720 LV cables 11 8 10 9 5 6 Detector Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  23. Summary I.N.F.N. Naples We have designed a “reduced” HV and LV systems for budget limitation, keeping our requirements, consisting of: HV (control room) • 2040 gaps; • Power 4.3 KW • 360/480 channels; • 60/80 boards; • 10/14 crates; LV (balconies) • 4680 FEBs; • Power 7.0 KW • 720 channels; • 60 boards; • 20 crates; Similar number also for the Endcap system Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  24. HV on the detector I.N.F.N. Naples 60-80 HV boards placed in 20 crates (1 per balcony) No easy access, no way to disconnect a bigap, difficult upgrade Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  25. HV in Control Room I.N.F.N. Naples Power consumption: board =72 W crate =430 W Total4.3KW 60 HV boards placed in 10 crates 60 long cables (130 mt), double patch panels Easy operation on HV (bigap, chamber....)

  26. LV on the detector I.N.F.N. Naples 60LV boards placed in 20 crates (1 per balcony) Power consumption: board (12 ch.)  116 W crate (3 boards.)  350 W wheel (4 crates)  1.4 KW Total  7.0KW Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  27. HV cable and connectors I.N.F.N. Naples The HV cable and connectors have been chosen and approved by CERN • 2 high voltage pins to supply –12 kV • 1 pin for signal return • insulating material • Polietilene HDPE (Eraclene Polimeri Europa (57%) • Masterbatch (GPO1246 Viba) (43%) • Metal cover connected to external chamber aluminum frame • ZAMA (UNI 3717 G-Zn A14 Cu1) Suitable to sustain up to 15 kV Cable characteristics: • According CERN safety instruction IS 23 • Single conductor- = 0.16 mm • Conductor resistance @ 20°C = 147 /Km • Core- = 3 mm • Screen wire-=0.2 mm (for 10 conductors) • Overall diameter = 8.4 mm (for 3 conductors) • Price: 1.050 €/Km (for 10 Km) Price: 24 Euro/couple pieces Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  28. HV cable layout (from UXC55 vs USC55) I.N.F.N. Naples Barrel & Endcap Required characteristic CERN safety instruction IS23: • Flame retardant (IEC 60332-3 Cat. C) • Zero halogene (IEC 60754-1) • Smoke density (IEC 61034) • Corrosiveness of combustion gases (IEC 60754-1) • Maximum current per conductor: 500 uA • Maximum voltage per conductor: 15 KV-DC Signal return Conductor @ 15 KV(DC) with individual insulating sheath Braided shield External sheath Internal sheath Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  29. HV cable characteristics I.N.F.N. Naples • Multiconductor cable 8 x (3x0.22) H2M1 Halogene Free 15 kV cc (from patch panels towards tower to patch panel on USC) • External diameter 26.2 mm (nominal) • Weight (indicative) 826 g/m • Cable 1 x (3x0.22) H2M1 Halogene Free 15 kV cc (from detector towards patch panels on towers) • External diameter 7.7 mm (nominal) • Weight (indicative) 82 g/m • Manufacturer: NOVACAVI We are also looking at the solution with 8 coaxial cables (15 KV) Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  30. LV cable characteristics I.N.F.N. Naples • Cable 12 x 0.75 (RB2/3 case): • Braided shield: copper • External diameter (nominal): 10.1 mm • Weight (indicative): 175 g/m • Cable 8 x 0.75 (RB2/2 case): • Braided shield: copper • External diameter (nominal): 9.0 mm • Weight (indicative): 156 g/m • Manufacturer: NOVACAVI Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  31. LV connector and cable I.N.F.N. Naples The LV cable and connectors are under discussion LV cable:8 wires  outer diam. = 7.5 mm Price 1,00 Euro/m 12 wires  outer diam. = 8.5 mm Price 1,50 Euro/m LV cable connector: female 12 pins Molex Microfit-Fit 3,0 (43025-1200) Price 3,49 Euro/5 female pins 20 AWG Molex Microfit-Fit 3,0 (43030-0007) Price 10,37 Euro/100 LV RPC connector: male 12 pins Molex Microfit-Fit 3,0 (43020-1200) Price Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  32. LV and HV CAD cable design I.N.F.N. Naples Max LV/HV local cable lenght = 15 mt Min LV/HV local cable lenght = 6 mt Average lenght = 12 mt Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  33. RPC cable design I.N.F.N. Naples Drawn by L. Roscilli Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  34. RPC cable design I.N.F.N. Naples Drawn by L. Roscilli Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  35. Signal cable I.N.F.N. Naples • 20 twisted pairs cable • Very low skew cable (1-2 ns between pairs for 25 m max length) • Conductor cross section: 28 AWG • Insulator: PE • Global shield: tinned copper braid • External shield: PE • Total external diameter: 12-13 mm • Rated voltage: 10 V (used for LVDS signal transmission) • Operating temperature: 0°/+60°C • Characteristic impedance: 110  (10%) • CERN safety instruction IS23 compliant: • Flame retardant (IEC 60332-3 Cat. C) • Zero halogene (IEC 60754-1) • Smoke density (IEC 61034) • Corrosiveness of combustion gases (IEC 60754-1) • Competitor manufacturers: Kabelwerk EUPEN - NOVACAVI Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  36. Temperature monitoring I.N.F.N. Naples • Most of the chambers will be equipped with at least one sensor temperature in order to monitor the temperature of the chamber/iron-gap. • The measurement will be used to correct the RPC working point (P and T). • T Sensor: Analog Device transducer AD592 family: • calibration error about 0.7 oC (typical) and 1.0 oC (max) • excellent linearity: 0.15 oC • range from –20 oC to 105 oC • single supply operation +4 – 30 Volts • 1mA/K output current. • They will be readout by an ADC board (24/36 ch.) placed in the HV-LV crate • The DCS software will have on protocol for both the HV-LV system than the temperature. • The T cable (4 wires/station) routing is the same of the LV cable. Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  37. Barrel sector cables (except 4-9-10-11) I.N.F.N. Naples To balconies Wheel 0, ±1 (Wheel ±2 ) To LBBOX 6 LV 8 HV 78 SGN 6 DCS 17p 12 18w RB4 RB4 17p 12 18w RB3 RB3 17p (110p) 12 (18) 18w (112w) RB2_OUT 110p (17p) 18 (12) 112w (18w) RB2_IN 17p 18w 12 RB1_OUT 17p 12 18w RB1_IN Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  38. Barrel cables sector 4 I.N.F.N. Naples To balconies Wheel 0, ±1 (Wheel ±2 ) To LBBOX 7 LV 10 or 8 HV 90 SGN 7 DCS 12 17p 17p 12 18w RB4 RB4 RB4 RB4 17p 18w 12 RB3 RB3 18w 17p (110p) 18w (112w) 12(18) RB2_OUT 110p (17p) 112w (18w) 18(12) RB2_IN 17p 18w 12 RB1_OUT 17p 12 18w RB1_IN Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  39. Barrel cables sector 10 I.N.F.N. Naples To balconies Wheel 0, ±1 (Wheel ±2 ) To LBBOX 7 LV 8 HV 86 SGN 7 DCS 10 17p 17p 10 18w RB4 RB4 18w 17p 12 RB3 RB3 18w 17p (110p) 18w (112w) 12(18) RB2_OUT 110p (17p) 112w (18w) 18(12) RB2_IN 17p 18w 12 RB1_OUT 17p 12 18w RB1_IN Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  40. Barrel cables sector 9-11 I.N.F.N. Naples To balconies Wheel 0, ±1 (Wheel ±2 ) To LBBOX 6 LV 7 HV 72 SGN 6 DCS 17p 6 18w RB4 17p 12 18w RB3 RB3 17p (110p) 18w (112w) 12(18) RB2_OUT 110p (17p) 112w (18w) 18(12) RB2_IN 17p 18w 12 RB1_OUT 17p 12 18w RB1_IN Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  41. Number and lenght I I.N.F.N. Naples Updated by F. Montecassiano Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  42. Number and lenght II I.N.F.N. Naples Updated by F. Montecassiano Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  43. Number and lenght wheel 0 I.N.F.N. Naples updated by L. Roscilli Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  44. Number and lenght wheel 0 I.N.F.N. Naples updated by L. Roscilli Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  45. + HV Patch Panel Rack composition USC I.N.F.N. Naples • SY1527: 9 or 11 A1676 Branch Controllers • EASY crates • HV modules (A3512):5boards/crate barrel endcap 63 HV boards + 13 EASY crates + 1 or 2 SY1527 + 20 HV patch panel Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  46. Rack composition USC I.N.F.N. Naples Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  47. Rack composition in UXC tower I.N.F.N. Naples News: Add 2 middle crates to house the LB box and the balconis Calculation per quadrant (Barrel) • 1 EASY crates:  1000 Watts ? • 3 LV modules (A3003)/quadrant + • ADC board + LV LB board • 4 LB boxes  3000 Watts ? • 1 HV 6U patch panel (3 sectors) Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  48. HV:360 channels (60 boards) placed in the 10 EASY crates; LV:720 channels (60 boards) placed in the 20 EASY crates; Temperature: every chamber will have a probe temperature corresponding to 96 probes per wheel for a total of 480 probes. They will be acquired using and ADC board with 32/64 channels to be placed in the LV crates on the balconies; Racks and crates:will be provided by a common solution; Gas cooling and ventilation: will be developed by CERN groups; Front-end: this part (4680 channels) will be controlled via the link-board and consists of: control and monitor the FEB width and threshold; monitor the FEB temperature; monitor the RPC/FEB performances (occupancy, rate, noise….). DCS system description I.N.F.N. Naples Barrel & Endcap Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  49. I.N.F.N. Naples CMS-RPC DCS Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

  50. I.N.F.N. Naples RPC DCS milestones Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

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