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Value of the interconnectors in the Nordic countries

Explore the impact and importance of interconnectors on power trade in the Nordic region and the potential for grid expansion post-2020. Learn about the analysis conducted using TIMES-NordPool models and the significance of interconnector capacity.

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Value of the interconnectors in the Nordic countries

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  1. Value of the interconnectors in the Nordic countries Jacopo Tattini, Maurizio Gargiulo PhD Student at Energy System Analysis Group System Analysis Division DTU Management Engineering

  2. Agenda Background TIMES-NordPool Analysis of power tradein the Nordic countries Analysis of gridexpansionpossibilities Sensitivityanalysis on effect of nogridexpansion Conclusions

  3. Agenda Background TIMES-NordPool Analysis of power tradein the Nordic countries Analysis of gridexpansionpossibilities Sensitivityanalysison effectof nogridexpansion Conclusions

  4. Background: Nord Pool market Nord Pool: power trading market of Nordic and Baltic countries. The auctioning countries are divided into bidding areas linked with interconnectors controlled by the TSOs. If the power flows between the bidding areas exceed the interconnectors transmission limit, grid congestion occurs. Bottlenecks in the interconnectors lead to different prices in the various areas composing the Nordic electric system.

  5. Benefits of interconnectors capacity expansion Source: L’ Abbate et al. (2011) Interconnectors are one of the main power price drivers in the Nordic countries Interconnectors are essential for the integration of variable power sources Interesting to assess their role and their influence on the power trade

  6. Agenda Background TIMES-NordPool Analysis of power tradein the Nordic countries Analysis of gridexpansionpossibilities Sensitivityanalysison effectof nogridexpansion Conclusions

  7. TIMES-NordPool TIMES-NordPool: represents the Norwegian, Swedish and Finnish power and thermal systems. Purposes: • To be run together with TIMES-DK to better simulate power trade processes • Exploring the future power exchange between the Nordic countries under different assumptions • Assessing transmission capacity expansion under different scenarios

  8. TIMES-NordPool: Spatial resolution Power prices and volumes endogenously optimized Power volumes calculated according to price related criteria • Multiregional model: Each country = One region • Interconnectors between Norway, Finland and Sweden implemented as endogenous trade processes • Interconnectors between Nordic countries and neighboring countries implemented as exogenous trade processes

  9. TIMES-NordPool: Hard-linking with TIMES-DK TRADE TIMES-NordPool TIMES-DK All interconnections between Nordic countries as endogenous processes

  10. TIMES-NordPool: Time structure Same 32 time slices as TIMES-DK The models are consistent Base Year: 2010 Time horizon: 2010-2050

  11. Agenda Background TIMES-NordPool Analysis of power tradein the Nordic countries Analysis of gridexpansionpossibilities Sensitivityanalysisoneffect of nogridexpansion Conclusions

  12. Assumptions for the analysis All analyses on the power tradebetween the Nordic countries have beenperformedusingTIMES-NordPoolhard-linked to TIMES-DK. Baseline scenario considers: • DKW and DKE: power and thermal system fossil free by 2035, entireenergy system fossil free by 2050 • NOR, FIN, SWE: noenvironmentalconstraints (NETP Carbon Neutral scenario is implemented but not activated)

  13. Transmission grid in the base year Base year High integration of power systems Source: ENTSO-E (2012)

  14. Transmission grid expansion Starting grid Exogenous grid expansion + Source: ENTSO-E (2014)

  15. Power generation in 2050

  16. Electricity prices in 2050

  17. Power trade between Norway and Denmark in 2050 Power price Power flow Trade is ongoing: • Until marginal costsequal • Untilcongestionoccurs

  18. Price convergence ..less congestions Between 2010 and 2020 about 7.5 GW of new transmission lines are installed

  19. Agenda Background TIMES-NordPool Analysis of power tradein the Nordic countries Analysis of gridexpansionpossibilities Sensitivityanalysison effectof nogridexpansion Conclusions

  20. Analysis of grid expansion • Uncertainty on gridexpansionafter 2020 • Endogenousoptimization of gridexpansion • Possible new interconnectors from ENTSO-E in Ten-Year Network Development Plan 2014 (TYNDP) • Constraint on starting year, no on transmission capacity

  21. Uncertainty on costs of future interconnectors Source: ENTSO-E (2014) Sensitivityanalysiswith interconnectorscosts: under whichcostcondition the interconnectorsarebuilt?

  22. Endogenous grid expansion: sensitivity analysis High interconnectors costs Low interconnectors costs Medium interconnectors costs Exogenous power prices not consistent

  23. Agenda Background TIMES-NordPool Analysis of power tradein the Nordic countries Analysis of gridexpansionpossibilities Sensitivityanalysison effectof nogridexpansion Conclusions

  24. Sensitivity analysis: only existing interconnectors Most penalized country How does the Nordic power system react to a changeless transmission grid? Only interconnectors existing or under construction by 2015 are considered

  25. Agenda Background TIMES-NordPool Analysis of power tradein the Nordic countries Analysis of gridexpansionpossibilities Sensitivityanalysis on effect of nogridexpansion Conclusions

  26. Conclusions TIMES-NPM hard-linked to TIMES-DK allows: • Calculatingendogenously the power prices and volumesbetweenDenmark and the rest of the Nordic countries Limiting the risk of the assumptions on the exogenoustradeprocessess for the Danish interconnectors • Optimizing endogenously the transmission gridexpansion • Assessing for the Nordic interconnectors the costthresholdswithinwhichtheyarefeasible • Assessing for each Nordic country the average increase of power prices if the plannedinterconnectorsare not built

  27. Jacopo Tattini jactat@dtu.dk http://www.sys.man.dtu.dk/Research/Energy-Systems-Analysis/PhD-projects

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