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Language and History of English (4 types of spoken English)

British Literature ~Genre(s)= Type of Classification ~Look at Historical Genres ~8 Genres (or historical periods). Language and History of English (4 types of spoken English). 1. Old English (0 ad-1066 ad) Beowulf A. Germanic peoples. B. 60% German C. 1066 ad the Norman Conquest

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Language and History of English (4 types of spoken English)

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  1. British Literature~Genre(s)= Type of Classification~Look at Historical Genres~8 Genres (or historical periods)

  2. Language and History of English(4 types of spoken English) 1. Old English (0 ad-1066 ad) Beowulf A. Germanic peoples. B. 60% German C. 1066 ad the Norman Conquest D. 40% Latin

  3. Language and History of English Cont. 2. Middle English 1070 AD-1800 AD A. Medieval English 1070 AD-1500 AD 1. Chaucer’s Canterbury tales B. Renaissance English 1500 AD-1750 AD 1. William Shakespeare (Created 24,000 new words in 39 plays.) 3. Modern English 1750 AD-Present Dictionary by Samuel Johnson 1755 4. American English 1828-Present Noah Webster (1828) The American Language Dictionary

  4. 2. Middle English 1066-1485 1066 AD: Norman Conquest 1170 AD: Thomas Becket Murdered 1215 AD: Signing of Magna Carta 1343 AD: Chaucer Born 1348 AD: Black Plague in England 1387 AD: Chaucer Writes Canterbury Tales.1400 AD: Chaucer Dies 1455 AD: Gutenberg press Developed 1485 AD: King Henry VII Crowned.

  5. Age of Chaucer He defines a style of English/British Writing A. Wrote in London dialect B. Wrote in unrhymed syllabic verse 1. Blank Verse- unrhymed iambic pentameter. In Canterbury Tales (1387) Chaucer portrays the common people- depicts England as well as individuals Chaucer Influences Edmund Spenser- Wrote 26,000 line poem, Fairie Queen. William Shakespeare In 1373-378, Chaucer Went to Italy and met Boccaccio (wrote the Decameron), who influenced Chaucer greatly. Chaucer died on Oct. 25, 1400 AD -buried in Poet’s Corner of Westminster Abbey

  6. 3. English Renaissance (=“re-birth”) • Old English (0 AD-1070 AD) • German Based Language • Today 60% German 40% Latin • II. Middle English (1070 AD- 1800 AD) =Norman Conquest • A. Medieval English (1066 AD-1515 AD) • B. Renaissance English (1515 AD- 1800 AD) • 1. Shakespeare added 25,000 words to the English language • III. Modern English (1800- present)

  7. 3. Timetable of the English Renaissance (1485 AD- 1660 AD) 1485 AD: King Richard III Killed 1509 AD: King Henry VIII crowned 1517 AD: Martin Luther and 95 theses 1533 AD: Henry 8th head of Church of England Henry VIII- 6 wives 1. Catherine of Aragon—daughter=Mary 2. Anne Boleyn—daughter = Elizabeth Oct 31, 1517 Martin Luther nails the 95 theses to the Wittenberg Germany church door Henry VIII appoints Thomas Cranmer as Archbishop of Canterbury

  8. 3. Timetable of the English Renaissance (1485 AD- 1660 AD) 1535 AD-Sir Thomas More Executed 1547 AD-1553 AD- Edward VI 1553 AD-1558 AD- Reign of Bloody Mary 1558 AD- Queen Elizabeth 1 1564 AD- Will Shakespeare Born 1590 AD-1610 AD Shakespeare’s 39 plays 1599 AD- Globe Theatre 1611 AD- King James Bible 1658 AD- John Milton’s Paradise Lost

  9. Renaissance Theater 1580-1616 A.D. Morality plays: originated in church “The Shepherd of Hills” play. Passion Story—Crucifixion of Jesus Doctor Faustus(1580’s) by Christopher Marlowe Tragedy Romeo & Juliet (1595) by Shakespeare movie: Shakespeare In Love Creation of the Globe Theatre (1599)Seating capacity=3,000 This was Shakespeare's Theater In 1613 the Globe Theater burns down

  10. William Shakespeare (1564-1616) April 23 Birth date April 26? Death date --born in Stratford-Upon-Avon 18 years old marries Anne Hathaway (26) Daughter=Susanna Has twins=boy=Hamnet and girl=Judith -Last Play! 1603- The Tempest -Wrote 39 plays and 154 sonnets

  11. 4. Restoration Period (1660-1800) 1660 Coronation of Charles II as king a “player”=“rake” “dissemble”= ”dis” ability to dismantle your opponent with words British WIT= Intelligence; ability to think on feet and has sense of humor King Charles II: -1660: Samuel Pepys’ Diary -1665: Great London Plague kills 68,000 people 1/3 of population Fleas on Rats spread plague -Sept. 1666: Great fire of London

  12. 4. Restoration Period Continued --1690: John Locke Philosopher -1712: Alex Pope’s “Rape of the Lock” -1719: Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe=(1st Novel) 1755: Sam Johnson’s 1st English Dictionary

  13. 5. Restoration Period Continued -1728: Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels -1751: Thomas Gray’s “Elegy” Poem -1755: Sam Johnson’s 1st English Dictionary -1789: Blake and Burns (2 poets)

  14. 5. Elements of Romantic Period (1789-1832) -love -nature -Adventure, have fun -innocence -Fantasy -Idealism -Optimistic -Hopeful -”carpe diem”

  15. 5. Romantic Period 1789-1832 Individual takes on Romance- adventure in nature -learns from nature 3 Poets: -William Wordsworth -William Blake -Robert Burns (Scottish) Came Next: 3 Additional Poets: -Samuel Tyler Coleridge -(Rime of the Ancient Mariner) Lord Byron- inspires writing of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein Percy Shelley

  16. 5. Romantic Period 1789-1832 Female Novelists:I. Jane Austen with Pride and Prejudice in 1813 II. Mary Shelley Frankenstein 1819 -Romance- Romantic love III. Bronte Sisters?

  17. 6. Elements of Victorian Period(1832—1901) -pessimistic -harsh, cruel life -Horrible conditions in London -poverty -”realism” -Glass half empty -bleak -corsets -no skin showing, all clothing covered everything -Undercover -underground Dark, mysterious Mistresses

  18. 7. Timeline of Victorian Period 1832- Queen Victoria becomes Queen 1837- Charles Dickens writes Oliver Twist 1846- Poetry of Elizabeth Barret & Robert Browning 1847- Emily (Wuthering Heights) and Charlotte Bronte (Jane Eyre) 1861- Civil war in U.S. 1862- Victor Hugo publishes Les Miserable (France) 1887- Sir Arthur Conan Doyle starts Sherlock Holmes Series 1901- Queen Victoria Dies

  19. 7. 20TH Century Literature/Modern British Literature Timeline 1900- Freud’s Interp. Of Dreams published 1901 Queen Victoria dies 1913 Pygmalion performed (George Bernard Shaw) 1914-1918 WWI 1922 “disillusionment” T.S. Eliot’s “Waste Land” is published 1930 W.H. Auden poetry published 1939 Hitler’s rise WWII to power 1945 George Orwell’s Animal Farm is published 1955 Samuel Beckett’s play Waiting for Godot is performed 1989 Berlin Wall destroyed 1991 Soviet Union dissolved

  20. 8. Fantasy Literature 1910’s-2007 Early modern fantasy—early 1900’s. George MacDonald, Scottish author of The Princess and the Goblin and Phantastes Major influence on Tolkien and Lewis William Morris’ The Well at the World’s End 1923 first all-fantasy magazine Weird Tales J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit 1937, then, Lord of the Rings in the 1950’s. C.S. Lewis’ Chronicles of Narnia, 1950’s J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series, 1990’s-2007

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