American Religion & Puritanism Pop Quiz

1. American Religion & Puritanism Pop Quiz Click the correctletter (A, B, C, or D)

2. $ 100 A leading religious group in early American society goes under the name … A: The Twelve Apostles B: The Puritans C: The Vegans D: Credence Clearwater Revival

3. The Puritans / Puritanism Terminology 1. Puritanism - The beliefs and practicescharacteristic of Puritans, most of whomwereCalvinistswhowished to purify the Church of England of itsCatholicaspects 2. Puritanism- Strictness and austerity in conduct and religion 3. Puritanism– “The hauntingfear that someone, somewhere, maybe happy” (H. L. Mencken, Chrestomathy 1949)

4. Puritanism - religiousreformmovementwithin the Church of England in the 1560s - term of contemptassigned to the movementbyitsenemies

5. Oliver Ormerod, English clergyman: “WecallyouPuritans not becauseyouare purer thanothermen but becauseyouthinkyourselves to be purer.” (1603) Puritanfamilyaround 1563

6. Religion in Colonial New England

7. Threeimportantreligiousgroups • Pilgrims • founded the Plymouth colony (Massachusetts) • - saw the Church of England as impure • - stronglyseparatist • - independence of localchurches • Presbyterians • - Calvinist theology • - secretive, against Bishops • - authority of the Scripture • Puritans • - settled in Virginia and Massachusetts Bay, predominantgroup • - developed „church-centeredsocieties in the New England colonies • - “Only the ‘trulyelect’shouldbeadmitted to churchmembership.”

8. Early Wave of Immigration to New England

9. Perry Miller, “The Puritan Way of Life” (1950) “Withoutsomeunderstanding of Puritanism, itmaysafelybesaid, there is nounderstanding of America.”(p. 4) ”

10. HS Brandt 32 111 Puritan America?Religious Fundamentalism, Bible Politics, and the Rhetoric of Redemption — 17th Century to Present

11. HS Brandt 32 111 Puritan America?Religious Fundamentalism, Bible Politics, and the Rhetoric of Redemption — 17th Century to Present Creed Menaresavedbytheirfaith, not bytheirdeeds. (Miller, p. 10) In order to besavedthey must receive from God a specialinfusion of grace (Miller, 17) Certainsoulsarepredestined to heaven, othersaresentenced to damnation (Miller, 17)

12. Speech by ....

13. George W. Bush Speech heldatWhitehall Palace, London, Nov 19, 2003 “At times Americans are even said to have a puritan streak. And where might that have come from?” (LAUGHTER) “Well, we can start with the Puritans. To this fine heritage, Americans have added a few traits of our own: the good influence of our immigrants and the spirit of the frontier.”

14. $ 200 Complete this phrase from John Winthrop‘s famous speech held in 1630: “Consider that wee shall be as a …” A: Ttown in a Forest B: Citty upon a Hill C: Capittal at a Lake D: Mettropolis on a Mountain

15. “City upon a hill” (1630)

17. John Winthrop (1588-1649) Weshallbe as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all peopleare upon us. (John Winthrop, „Model of Christian Charity“)

18. John Winthrop (1588-1649) - Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Company (1629) - Christian mission (evangelization of the heathens) - Obligation for America to become a beacon of godliness for all of humankind

19. Biblicalimage of the EXODUS “Weshall find that the God of Israel is amongus, whenten of usshallbeable to resist a thousand of ourenemies; when he shallmakeus a praise and glory that menshallsay of succeedingplantations, ‘the Lord makeitlikely that of New England.’”

20. COVENANT WITH GOD Thusstands the causebetweenGod and us. WeareenteredintoCovenantwithhim for hiswork. Covenant Godhasenteredinto a quasi-contractualagreement, not just withindividuals, but with a people. collectivedestiny

21. Winthrop and his colleagues were [...] actually early American precapitalists who were about to initiate a process of divinely supported material progress that would lead to violent conquest, unquenchable imperialism, and self-righteous and self-obsessive nationalism. (Emory Elliott)

22. $ 300 Which Puritan minister held a sermon at the departure of Winthrop‘s fleet for New England in 1630? A: John Wool B: John Cotton C: John Acrylic D: John Polyester

23. John Cotton (1595-1652) One of the mostinfluentialrepresentatives of the colony of Massachusetts Banned Anne Hutchinson in 1637.

24. Anne Hutchinson (1591-1643) Hutchinson was persecuted for antinomianism - the belief that grace, conversion, and study of the scripturesweresufficient for salvation and that churches and the clergywerebasicallysuperfluous. • She“infected”othermembers of her familywith her beliefs (according to John Winthrop wholed the trial)

25. John Cotton, God’s Promise to His Plantation (1630)

26. John Cotton, God’s Promise to His Plantation (1630) “God makes room for a people in three ways: First, when He casts out the enemies of a people before them by lawful warwith inhabitants. Second, when He gives a foreignpeoplefavor in the eyes of any native people to come to sit down withthemeitherbyway of purchase[…] or else when they give it in courtesy, as Pharaoh did the land of Goshen unto the sons of Jacob. Thirdly, when He makes a countrythough not altogethervoid of inhabitants, yetvoid in the placewheretheyreside. Where there is a vacant place, there is liberty for the sons of Adam or Noah to come and inhabit, though they neither buy it nor ask their leaves”

27. $ 500 Which community was founded by the English cleric Roger Williams in 1636? A: Fate B: Destiny C: Providence D: God‘s Will

28. Providence, Rhode Island (1636)

29. Roger Williams (1603-1683) Father of American Baptism Fighter for religiousfreedom Separation of State and Church

30. $ 1,000 An important literary genre in early colonial America was the … A: Thriller B: Captivity Narrative C: Detective Novel D: Arztroman

31. The Captivity Narrative

32. “Yet the Lord still showed mercy to me, and upheld me; and as soon as he wounded me with one hand, so he healed me with the other.” Mary Rowlandson (1682) “I cannot but take notice of the wonderful mercy of God to me in those afflictions, in sending me a Bible: one of those Indians […] came to me, and asked me, if I would have a Bible, he had got it in his Basket” (Rowlandson, p. 19)

33. The Captivity Narrative (Mary Rowlandson, Hannah Dustin, etc.) - Captivity as God’s test for the believers (and as punishment) - Redemption as God’s mercy REDEMPTION - saved from evil - delivered from sin The captivity narrative functions as … … a spiritual autobiography … a sermon … a jeremiad

34. $ 2,000 In 1692, the infamous „Witch Trials“ took place at … A: Salinas B: Salieri D: Salome C: Salem

35. The Salem Witch Trials (1692) “[A]t prodigious witch-meetings, the wretches have proceeded so far as to concert and consult the methods of rooting out the Christian religion from this country, and setting up instead of it perhaps a more gross diabolism than ever the world saw before.” (Cotton Mather, Wonders of the Invisible World, p. 227)

36. The Trial of Martha Carrier(Salem, August 2, 1692) “This rampant hag, Martha Carrier, was the person of whom the confessions of the witches, and of her own children among the rest, agreed that the devil had promised her she should be Queen of Hebrews.” (Cotton Mather, Wonders, 1692/93, p. 231)

37. Cotton Mather (1663-1728) - Prominent Puritanminister, author, and pamphleteer(e.g., Magnalia Christi Americana, 1702) - Grandson of John Cotton

38. „The New Englandersare a people of Godsettled in those [territories] whichwerethe devil‘sterritories; and itmaybeeasilysupposed that the devil was exceedinglydisturbed, when he perceived such a peoplehereaccomplishing the promise […] madeuntoourblessed Jesus.“ Cotton Mather, The Wonders of the Invisible World (1693), p. 225f.

39. $ 4,000 The period of renewed interest in religion in the 1720s to 50s was called … A: The Great Awakening B: The Great Expectation C: The Great Depression D: The Great Gatsby

40. The Great Awakening Period of renewedinterest in religion (1720s-1750s)

41. Jonathan Edwards(1703-1758) American theologian and philosopher Main impulse for the Great Awakening Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (1741)

42. „God is a great deal more angry with great numbers that are now on earth [...]. The wrath of God burns against them, their damnation does not slumber; the pit is prepared, fire is made ready, the furnace is now hot, ready to receive them; the flames do now rage and glow.“ (Edwards, p. 342)

43. $ 8,000 Whose name stands for the secularization of America in the 18th century? A: Benjamin Franklin B: Benjamin Button C: Benjamin Netanjahu D: Benjamin Blümchen

44. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) “Franklin represents the American errand as the creation of a secularstatethat is purified of the corruption of European politics and a social structurebased on inherited title. It is the secular America that will be a model of democraticgovernment.“ (Deborah L. Madsen, American Exceptionalism, 37)

45. Jonathan Edwards and Benjamin Franklin are often seen as representing two contrasting visions of American society.

46. $ 16,000 The classical novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne, which criticizes the Puritan past, is called … A: The Crimson Pirate B: The Red Raindeer C: The Scarlet Letter D: Purple Rain

47. - descendent of Puritan immigrants Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) - His greatgrandfather was a judge in the Salem witchcrafttrials - Dark Romanticism, The Scarlet Letter (1850)

48. The Scarlet Letter (1850)

49. $ 32,000 In a famous phrase, Ralph Waldo Emerson described the spiritual „unity“ which contains “every man‘s particular being” as the … B: Over-Brain A: Over-Mind C: Over-Soul D: Over-Ture

50. Over-SoulRalph Waldo Emerson(in: Essays: First Series, 1841) • “that greatnature in whichwerest” • “that Unity, that Over-Soul, withinwhichevery man‘s particularbeing is contained and madeonewith all other; that commonheart”