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T2K Beam Window Design and Upgrade Potential: Insights from Oxford-Princeton Workshop

Detailed overview of the T2K Target Station's beam window design, focusing on the Ti-6Al-4V material, helium cooling, inflatable seals, stress analysis, and future upgrade potential. Explore insights from the Princeton workshop for optimal window performance.

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T2K Beam Window Design and Upgrade Potential: Insights from Oxford-Princeton Workshop

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  1. The Current T2K Beam Window Design and Upgrade Potential • Oxford-Princeton Targetry Workshop • Princeton, Nov 2008 • Matt Rooney

  2. T2K Target Station Window Proton beam Focusing horns Target

  3. Beam window design overview

  4. Exploded assembly view • Top plate • Used for inserting and removing window • Protects pillow seals and mating flanges • Provides a connection point for services • Inflatable seals • Seal helium vessel and beam line • Side plates • Provide a firm support for the beam window and guidance during installation Ti-6Al-4V beam window

  5. Ti-6Al-4V Beam window • Some difficulties with post-machining and post-weld distortion – a common problem with Ti-6Al-4V. • E-beam welding conducted by Culham UKAEA Special Techniques Group.

  6. Helium cooling Upstream He gap Helium velocity ≈ 5 m/s Heat transfer coefficient ≈ 150 W/m2K Downstream He in He out

  7. Helium flow grooves He in He out

  8. Inflatable seals PSI KEK Muon Group Picture courtesy of Y. Miyake and S. Makimura (KEK) Picture courtesy of PSI

  9. ~ 200 mm Pillow seals Window – side view Section view pressure line vacuum line bellows KEK Muon Group pillow seal inner diaphragm outer diaphragm Pictures courtesy of Y. Miyake (KEK)

  10. Seal and mating flange Seal foils (surface roughness, Ra = 0.004 µm, Rt = 0.030 µm) Polished flange (surface roughness, Ra = 0.020 µm) Seals manufactured by UHV Design in UK. Developed from similar design at KEK (via Oak Ridge via PSI).

  11. Assembled Window

  12. Remote Handling

  13. Remote handling Target Station (Japan) Monitor Chamber (Canada)

  14. Remote installation

  15. Stress analysis and upgrade potential

  16. Beam properties • 0.75 MW beam power • 3.3 x 1014 protons per pulse • Gaussian profile with 4 mm rad rms beam spot • 5 µs pulse = 8 x 58ns bunches • 1 pulse every 2 seconds at 30 GeV Energy deposited in window with distance from beam centre

  17. ANSYS Static Stress Results UTS Ti-6Al-4V ≈ 1GPa NOTE: 100W/m2K heat transfer coefficient applied to internal wall

  18. Transient thermal stress over multiple pulses Stress waves developing over pulse

  19. Ti-6Al-4V – the good news Fatigue strength Yield strength Safety factor of 4-5 Stress @ 0.75 MW

  20. Ti-6Al-4V – the bad news - reduction in strength at elevated temperatures

  21. T2K beam window upgrade potential • Increased number of protons per pulse would push the limits of Ti-6Al-4V. • 0.75 MW pulse ~ 100 MPa shock stress • 3.0 MW pulse ~ 500 MPa shock stress • Room temp yield strength Ti-6Al-4V = 900 MPa. • But higher power could also be achieved through a higher beam frequency.

  22. Stress Analysis Overview • Long term survival of window looks likely for 0.75 MW beam. • Beam upgrades with increased PPP would test the limits of the material. • Potential for power upgrades more promising if number of pulses is increased. • Radiation damage then becomes the dominant factor in determining live in service.

  23. Fin

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