1 / 23

Computer Organization TI1400

Computer Organization TI1400. Alexandru Iosup (lecturer) Parallel and Distributed Systems. http://www.pds.ewi.tudelft.nl/~iosup/Courses/2012_ti1400_0.ppt. Course website: http://www.pds.ewi.tudelft.nl/~iosup/Courses/2012_ti1400_results.htm. A Digital Computer. CPU Type.

rmuncy
Download Presentation

Computer Organization TI1400

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Computer OrganizationTI1400 Alexandru Iosup (lecturer) Parallel and Distributed Systems http://www.pds.ewi.tudelft.nl/~iosup/Courses/2012_ti1400_0.ppt Course website: http://www.pds.ewi.tudelft.nl/~iosup/Courses/2012_ti1400_results.htm

  2. A Digital Computer CPU Type Intel Core i5 2430M CPU Speed 2.4 GHz M/board chipset Intel Mobile QM67 Memory 4GB DDR3 (SODIMM) Video card NVIDIA Quadro NVS 4200M Max. Res. 1600x900 (WXGA++) HDD 500GB at 5.400RPM Interface USB/FW eSATA, 2x USB 2.0 Network wired Ethernet 1Gbps … … Source: http://tweakers.net/pricewatch/294153/lenovo-thinkpad-t420-(nw1b8mh)-+-3-jaar-garantie.html#tab:info

  3. A Digital Computer M/board floorplan. Source: Intel Corp., and Linda Null and Julia Lobur.

  4. A CPU IA-32 floorplan. Source: Intel Corp.

  5. TI1400/2012: Course Goals “gain fundamental knowledge about the organization and architecture of computer systems” Organization = all physical aspects of the computer Circuits, memory types, signals, making things tick Architecture = all logical aspects Let programmers interact with the working system Instruction sets, opcodes, data structures, addressing, memory access, I/O mechanisms, etc.

  6. Know Thy Platform Programming hot functions Programming optimized functions Linear algebra (BLAS) Video, sound, and security codecs Vertex and pixel shaders on GPUs Building low-power devices (embed: $1Tn/2011) Real-time platforms Games, Simulations, Navigation systems, Medical equipment Matching algorithm and platform: improve performance up to a factor of 100(Michael Abrash: Doom, Quake, …)

  7. System TuningATARI VCS (1977) Home entertainment system Video, Sound, Games Pluggables: joystick, dance mat, … Today we use Wiis and XBox360s Ultra-low-cost platform CPU: MOS 6502 at 1MHzlow cost, low mem GFX, sound: 4 KB ROM (max 8K) State, score: 128 bytesRAM(Apple II had 4 kilo-bytes) RAM/Input/Output/Timer controller “Any mistake in timing produced visual artifacts, a problem programmers called racing the beam.”

  8. Program OptimizationPeak vs Real Performance “One EC2 Compute Unit (ECU) provides the equivalent CPU capacity of a 1.0-1.2 GHz 2007 Opteron or 2007 Xeon processor.” Amazon EC2 • Original code ~10% Peak • w/o SIMD <50% • ACML ~90% Source: http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~volkov/cs267.sp09/hw1/results/

  9. Evolution of ComputingThe “Data Deluge”: Facts and Predictions "Everywhere you look, the quantity of information in the world is soaring. According to one estimate, mankind created 150 exabytes (billion gigabytes) of data in 2005. This year, it will create 1,200 exabytes. Merely keeping up with this flood, and storing the bits that might be useful, is difficult enough. Analysing it, to spot patterns and extract useful information, is harder still.“The Data Deluge, The Economist, 25 February 2010.

  10. Doom (1993) “For me, while I do take a lot of pride in shipping a great product, the achievements along the way are more memorable. I don't remember any of our older product releases, but I remember the important insights all the way back to using CRTC wraparound for infinite smooth scrolling in Keen (actually, all the way back to understanding the virtues of structures over parallel arrays in apple II assembly language…) Knowledge builds on knowledge.” John Carmack, .plan, Feb 1998

  11. Conceptual Map of TI1400/2012 You are here L0. Introduction L1. Digital Logic L2. Digital Data L3. ISAs L4. Assembler L5. IA-32/MIPS L6. Basic Processing Unit L7.1. I/O + OS L7.1. Memory + Perf. L9. Large Sys. L8. Pipelining + Perf. Rd. Prog. Principles

  12. Course Mapping to CS Curricula of ACM/IEEE 2008 and TU Delft Body of Knowledge: Architecture and Organization AR1. Digital Logic and Data Representation [core] AR2. Computer Architecture and Organization [core] AR3. Interfacing and I/O Strategies [core] AR4. Memory Architecture [core] AR5. Functional Organization [core] AR6. Multiprocessing [core] AR7. Performance Enhancements [elective] AR8. Directions in Computing [elective] TU Delft: Logic, Digital Logic, Programming Fundamentals, Operating Systems, Distributed Algorithms and Systems, …

  13. Course Material (The Textbook) • Class Material • V.C. Hamacher, Z.G. Vranesic, S.G. Zaky,Computer Organization, 2002, McGraw-Hill, 5th Ed. • Reader: Computer Organization, January 2007 • Lecture Slides • Info: BlackBoard • ATTN: textbook via • CH (second-hand) • Amazon.com or bol.com • McGraw Hill link (e-version, available hopefully soon)

  14. Coarse Time Allocation • Classes • 2 hours per week (see College Rooster) • Instructions • 1 hour per week (see College Rooster) • Laboratory • 5 mandatory + 2 bonus assignments in Q4 • Self-Study • 6-8 hours per week or you may fail

  15. Detailed Time Allocation Lecture Tutorial Lab Self-Study 1. Digital Logic 4h 1/2h - 10h 2. Data Repr./Processing 4h 1/2h - 10h 3. ISAs/Assembler 6h 2h 16+8h 20h 4. Basic Processing Unit 4h 2h - 10h 5. I/O + OS Principles 2h 1h - 10h 6. Memory + Performance 2h 1h - 10h 7. Pipelining + Perf. 2h 2h - 10h 8. Programming Principles 2h - - 5h 9. Parallelism/Distribution 2h 1h - 10h Total 28h 14h 16+8h 95h

  16. TI1400/2012 Schedule

  17. The NEW Grading System 1. Course Points 2. Access Tokens 3. Brownie Points 10,000 for straight 10 Start with 1 +1,000 team self-study Bonus Lab assignments I will bake brownies for you!(but not forceyou to eat them) +1,000 lab bonus #2 +500 lab bonus #1 Advanced topics (GPUs, clouds) +300 correct exam Q +50 activity in Lab/Lecture/Tutorial Discuss w Lecturer +25 correct end-lecture quiz Propose Exam Qs Rec. letter +500 entry quiz

  18. Mid-Term and Final Exams • In week 7 of Q3 there is a mid-term exam of 10 Qs • You can take the exam, but you do not have to • Mid-term score counts for 1/3 score from Qs • You can only win by taking the quiz! • Final exam of 30 Qs • 10 Qs overlap with mid-term exam • 20 Qs about new material • Twice per year • Old examinations can be found at the in1705 web pages

  19. Overview ti1400 [1/4] • Week 1-2 :Basic concepts, digital logic, memory elements, finite state machines • Week 1 : Hamacher A.1 toA.6 • Week 2 : Hamacher A.7 toA.14 • Week 3-4 :Number representations and arithmetic • Week 3 : Hamacher 2.1, 6.1 • Week 4 : Hamacher 6.3 to6.8

  20. Overview ti1400 [2/4] • Week 5-6 :Instructions, addressing modes, assembler • Week 5 : Hamacher 2.2 to2.4 • Week 6 : Hamacher 2.5 to2.13 • Week 7 :IA-32 architecture • Week 7 : Hamacher 3.16 to3.25

  21. Overview ti1400 [3/4] • Week 8-9 :The Processing Unit • Week 8 : Hamacher 7 • Week 9 : Hamacher 7 • Week 10-11 :Input/Output and Memory Organization • Week 10 : Hamacher 2.7 and 4 • Week 11 : Hamacher 5

  22. Overview ti1400 [4/4] • Week 12 :Pipelining • Week 12 : Hamacher 8 • Week 13 :Language levels and translation • Week 13 : Reader • Week 14 :Large Systems • Week 14 : Hamacher 12

  23. Questions? http://www.pds.ewi.tudelft.nl/~iosup/Courses/2012_ti1400_0.ppt Course website: http://www.pds.ewi.tudelft.nl/~iosup/Courses/2012_ti1400_results.htm

More Related