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Manner of Articulation

Manner of Articulation. LIN 3201. 4 Parameters for Describing Sounds. Airstream Mechanism How/From where air is initiated, direction of airflow State of the Glottis Vocal fold state - wide open, vibrating – that affects airstream Manner of Articulation How air is shaped in airstream

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Manner of Articulation

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  1. Manner of Articulation LIN 3201

  2. 4 Parameters for Describing Sounds • Airstream Mechanism • How/From where air is initiated, direction of airflow • State of the Glottis • Vocal fold state - wide open, vibrating – that affects airstream • Manner of Articulation • How air is shaped in airstream • Place of Articulation • Where air is shaped in airstream

  3. Manner of Articulation What we do to the airstream to constrict, obstruct or shape it producing different types of sound qualities

  4. The airstream as a 4 dimensional tube • Vertical Dimension – how close articulating organs get to one another • Transverse Dimension – is the sound obstructed centrally or laterally (which side?) • Time – momentary obstruction or maintainable obstruction • Longitudinal – place or site of obstruction

  5. Stops (Plosives) • Air is obstructed by stopping air at place of articulation • Greatest degree of obstruction • Maintainable & central obstruction • Oral & Nasal Stops • Oral Stops – Velum blocks nasal cavity; air lows through mouth only; [p], [d], [k] • Nasal Stops – Velum is lowered; air flows through mouth and nose; [m], [n]

  6. [m] [b] Gimson & Cruttenden, 1994

  7. Fricatives • Air is obstructed less than a stop • Air flows through articulators so that friction is created in articulation • Maintainable stricture type • Examples [f], [v], [s] & [z]

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