ABBE Level 3 Diploma in Domestic Green Deal Advice 14. The Green Deal Advisory Report

1. ABBE Level 3 Diploma in Domestic Green Deal Advice14. The Green Deal Advisory Report Presented by PAS 2030 The Occupancy Improvement Measures Describing the Green Deal Communication Skills Limitations of Advice

2. Appendix T What? Appendix T is a table of the 33 energy efficiency measures available in RdSAP it also gives the triggers for the improvement of the measure and also the level the improvement should be made to. The listed order of the measures is the order of the effectiveness of the energy efficiency on the building, and the way they would be displayed on an EPC.

3. Appendix T A recommendation can only be made if it increases the SAP rating by 0.95 (1) point or 0.45 (0.5) of a point for LEL The order the recommendations are listed in appendix T is the order the energy efficiency measures are listed on the EPC. If a measure is already in place the software will select the next most appropriate recommendation. They are listed in the order that will be of most benefit to the occupier highest cost saving measure first. In general moving from top of the property to the bottom of the property.

4. Full list of Recommendations Appendix T is a list of all 33 the recommendations and the triggers for including each recommendation, an extract from which is shown below

5. RdSAP Recommendations A: Loft Insulation A2: Flat Roof Insulation A3: Roof Room Insulation B: Cavity Wall Insulation C: Hot Water Cylinder Insulation D: Draught Proofing E: Low Energy Lights F: Cylinder Thermostat G: Heating Controls for Wet Central Heating System H: Heating Controls for Warm air System I: Upgrade Boiler, Same Fuel J: Biomass Boiler J2 Biomass Boiler (Alternative Measure) K: Biomass Room Heater With Boiler L: New or Replacement Storage Heaters M: Replacement Warm-air Unit N: Solar Water Heating O: Double Glazing: Secondary Glazing Q: Solid Wall Insulation R: Condensing Oil Boiler S: Change heating to condensing gas condensing boiler (no fuel switch) T: Change heating to condensing gas condensing boiler (fuel switch) T2: Flue Gas Heat Recovery U: Photovoltaics V: Wind Turbine W: Floor Insulation X: Insulated Doors Y: Waste Water Heat Recovery Z1: Air or ground source heat pump (Alt Measure) Z2: Air or ground source heat pump with underfloor heating (Alt Measure) Z3: Micro-CHP (Alt Measure) Source: SAP 2009 9.91, Appendix T

6. Installation Measures The Green Deal Advisor takes the EPC into account when producing the occupancy assessment, using the information it contains as a starting point. The GDA then conducts an occupancy assessment of the home and how it is used in practice. The improvement measures in the GDAR are not derived from Appendix T, but from the “occupancy assessment improvement measures”.

7. PAS 2030

8. PAS 2030 What? Publicly Available Specification (PAS) sets out requirements for the installation of energy efficiency measures (EEM) in existing buildings. . It is intended for use by any entity undertaking the installation of any products and/or systems designed to improve the energy efficiency of existing buildings, but particularly where those products and systems are to be installed within the remit of the Green Deal Financing Mechanism. The PAS includes requirements in respect of installation processes, process management (QA)and service provision and includes criteria relating to installation methods, equipment, tools, product or system and material suitability, the commissioning of installed measures and the training, skills and competence of the people undertaking such installation. Annexes A to Z provide specific requirements (26) relating to particular energy efficiency improvement measures for application by installers undertaking Installation of those measures.

9. Condensing boilers, natural gas-fired and liquefied petroleum gas-fired (domestic and non-domestic) Condensing boilers, oil-fired (domestic and non-domestic) Heating controls Under-floor heating Flue-gas recovery devices Gas-fired warm-air heating systems (domestic and non-domestic) Electric storage heaters (domestic and non-domestic) Cavity wall insulation Loft insulation Pitched roof insulation Flat roof insulation Internal wall insulation PAS 2030 Measures • External wall insulation • Hybrid wall insulation • Draught proofing • Floor insulation • Heating system insulation (pipes and cylinders) • Energy efficient glazing and doors • Lighting fittings • Lighting controls (non-domestic) • Ground and air source heat pumps • Solar thermal • Solar PV • Biomass boilers • Micro-combined heat and power (CHP) • Micro- and small-scale wind turbine systems

10. Appendix T vs. PAS 2030 Measures Appendix T has 33 measures and PAS 2030 has 26 measures. PAS avoids duplication of measures from Appendix T: it is an installer guide, therefore there is no need to instruct an installer multiple times on the correct installation of an EEM. e.g. Appendix T • Biomass boiler • Biomass room heater with boiler • Biomass boiler (Alternative measure PAS 2030 • Biomass boilers

11. Fundable Measures Not all of the energy efficiency measures available in Appendix T are available through the Green Deal, as: Of the 33 measures in Appendix T, only the 26 in PAS are available to be funded through the Green Deal scheme. Both have to align in order for a measure to be recommended and fitted As in the EPC, any income from Feed-in Tariffs or RHI is not taken into account when calculating the energy savings in the Green Deal assessment. ECO funding will be accessed via the Green Deal Provider, but the potential to access funding will be assessed by the GDA.

12. Non-Fundable Measures PAS 2030 contains all measures that will be obtainable through a Green Deal Plan; any measure beyond the scope of PAS 2030 will be excluded from Green Deal funding, and as a result beyond the scope of the Green Deal Advice Report. E.g. • LEL (for domestic) • PVT • Water turbine Both LEL and WWHRS are in Appendix T but are excluded from PAS (2030); water turbines are beyond the scope of PAS, GDAR, and potentially beyond the scope of the GDA.

13. Format of the GDAR What is the GDAR? The Green Deal Advice Report in the domestic sector consists of an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) and a new Occupancy Assessment(OA).

14. Format of the GDAR The first page shows: Customers name and address. Current/typical energy use. The Green deal improvement measures. Savings after installation. How much the GDP can charge.

15. Format of the GDAR Page 2 shows: What makes you different. Your energy use and why this is important. Ways to save today.

16. Format of the GDAR Page 3 shows: Your next step. Advisors details. Data usage. Green deal advice line.

17. Format of the GDAR Page 4 shows: The recommendations from the EPC.

18. Retrieving Past EPCs To retrieve a past EPC on a property, the GDA will have to visit the EPC register run by Landmark at www.epcregister.com

19. Retrieving Past EPCs There are now two ways to retrieve EPCs from Landmark: • RRN number • Postcode address search

20. Checking EPC Data Before you lodge a report you can check: • EPC rating – you generally have an idea of the rating a property will achieve, is the rating calculated in the software close to your estimate? • Review Page – review the data that has been inputted into the software on the review page as a ‘sense check’ • Draft EPC – check through the draft EPC, it will become the final document your client will see, so it’s a good idea to make sure there aren’t any glaring errors on there; in particular the property elements which describe specific parts of the property

21. Checking EPC Data Just like the EPC there will be a review page available, and a draft document to view before lodgement.

22. Checking EPC Data Verifying the EPC: If you have retrieved an EPC that you have not produced, then you will have to confirm the details are correct, by visual comparison, whilst on site. e.g. • Solid wall stated on the EPC, when clearly a cavity wall at the property: This EPC is invalid. The EPC must be fit for purpose If the EPC is ruled invalid then another certificate will have to be produced.

23. Common Data Collection Errors – EPC Some common errors in the collection of EPC data include: • Room in roof • Insulation • Extensions • Wall construction • LZC technologies • Area • Age • Window and doors All can and will have an effect on the recommendations, fuel cost predicted, and the SAP rating.

24. What Affects the Rating Most The following have the biggest influence on the EPC rating: • Heating system • Heating fuel type • Heat loss perimeter • Age band • Insulation – to wall, floor, roof and hot water cylinder Because they have a significant influence on the rating, getting them wrong can cause the report to fail in the QA process + or – 5sap points It is imperative these details are checked and recorded accurately as a small error on any of these can result in an incorrect rating and a failed audit, and incorrect recommendations generated which will affect the occupancy assessment.

25. The Impact of Errors in the EPC EPC Rating and Content The most obvious impact is directly on the EPC rating and/or content. For example, if the loft insulation is not measured accurately then: • The values used by RdSAP to calculate the heat loss through the roof will not be correct, so the rating will be wrong. • The statement of the loft insulation depth in the property elements table will also be wrong. Recommendations As the recommendations are made based on the data entered by the assessor, there may be an impact on the recommendations included in the EPC. For example, if the wall construction is identified as solid brick when it is a cavity wall: • RdSAP may recommend solid wall insulation. • A more appropriate and cheaper method of insulation for this property would be cavity wall insulation.

26. Impacts on the Rating In this example we can see the effect of neglecting to include that part of the overall heat loss perimeter is sheltered. This would be more noticeable in an older property, as it would have a much larger impact. Even though in this particular example the sheltered wall is only 4.5m, this is enough to cause a difference of more than five SAP points which would result in a failed audit at QA stage. Without sheltered wall With sheltered wall

27. Implication for the GDA If the EPC is incorrect then the OA advice will also be incorrect, as: • The recommended improvement measures may not be appropriate. • The Golden Rule may not have been met for the improvement measures recommended. • The advice you are giving on the improvements will also not be appropriate. • The customer may not be able to get the finance for the improvements specified.

28. The Impact of Errors in the EPC If the area of the dwelling was misidentified as larger during the EPC, then the typical energy cost for the dwelling will be identified as higher in the EPC than the costs in reality, based on standard occupancy and standard heating patterns.

29. Common Data Collection Errors – OA Common errors in the collection of OA data include: • Main heating system used • Living area temperature • Heating patterns • Appliance type • Appliance usage • Reliability of bill data All can and will have an effect on the: • Actual energy cost • The amount of finance available through Green Deal • Improvements available through Green Deal

30. The Impact of Errors in the OA If there is an error made while collecting the data during the OA, the actual fuel cost of the dwelling may have been misidentified, leading to: • Higher interpreted energy costs in the dwelling; or • Lower interpreted energy costs in the dwelling. Given that the GDP’s package will be based on the data in the OA, the customer may not actually meet the Golden Rule for the improvements made. Conversely, the OA bill data may exclude the customer from benefiting from a Green Deal package when one could have been taken up.

31. Effect of EPC “Unknowns” on the OA There are a number of situations where precise details may not be known, e.g. if there was no access to the loft space to ascertain the existing thickness of loft insulation. Recommendations are not shown on EPCs for these cases but they are considered in the OA assessment. The cost saving in the OA is calculated on the basis of the existing dwelling having the default values assigned in RdSAP.

32. Effect of EPC “Unknowns” on the OA The situations are:

33. Effect of EPC “Unknowns” on the OA

34. Conventions What are conventions? Conventions are the clarification of a grey areas in the methodology that could lead to variations in interpretation. Where are the OA conventions? Conventions are only required when misinterpretations occur. Will there be conventions? Eventually conventions will be formulated when highlighted through audit.

35. Conventions If there is no thermostat, or it is frequently adjusted, a reliable estimate cannot be made, so record “unknown”. Information to be collected for the Green Deal Occupancy Assessment Amendments to SAP for Occupancy Assessment

36. Tailoring Recommendations The improvement measures recommended are not a ‘one size fits all’ solution. Different improvements will be appropriate wholly in one property, and partially or not at all in others. Consider: • The customer’s choice • The default values • Location, space, orientation • Partially or fully improved • Savings due to situation • Installation constraints • How the installer would carry out the work

37. Tailoring Recommendations The customer’s choice The GDA should give the customer enough impartial advice and guidance on the improvement measures for them to make an informed decision on which of the measures, will have the greatest impact on their energy usage.

38. Tailoring Recommendations The location, size, and orientation of a property may not be appropriate for a certain improvement measures; this can restrict the benefit of the measure to the customer or rule out the installation of the improvement measure altogether. e.g.: • Solar on a small, heavily shaded roof facing north pitched at 65˚ • Heat pump on an enclosed terrace, directly facing street

39. Tailoring Recommendations Can the measure be fully or partially fitted? In some situations, fitting measures wholly to a building is inappropriate, e.g.: • SWI fitted to the front of a building in a conservation area, or listed building A combination of internal or internal and external insulation may be a better option.

40. Tailoring Recommendations The situation of the occupant may also be a factor, each persons personal circumstances are individual to themselves, and consideration for the way the occupants live may also lead to the giving of advice. E.g.: • An elderly person taking measures over a long period of time. • A person who works away 5 days a week taking a large package of measures. Future plans may also mean the order of the work may not be appropriate, e.g.: • Loft insulation to be fitted, then a room in roof to be constructed.

41. Tailoring Recommendations The measure may well be fully justified in every aspect of fitting e.g. cost, situation, the building, but there is no viable cost -effective way to fit the improvement measure to the building. This may be an access issue or due to other factors. E.g.; • Heat pump on an enclosed terrace, directly of the street.

42. Tailoring Recommendations Provided a measure has been recognised as being capable of improving the energy performance of a building, it can potentially be added to the list of qualifying improvements. They also need to be recommended for a property by the Green Deal Advisor. If a recommendation is not appropriate for a property it may be excluded from the improvement measures.

43. Product Characteristic Data File RdSAP draws information from databases within the PCDF. Databases are regularly maintained for DEAs to: Locate appropriately calculated seasonal efficiencies and characteristics for heating and related products Reduce the risk of miscalculation and confusion with data. The PCDF stores data in separate tables per product, specific fields aid product identification for the technical data relevant to SAP calculations. (I) boilers, fired by gas, LPG or oil (ii) solid fuel boilers, fired by a variety of solid fuels (iii) cooker boilers with twin burners, fired by gas, LPG or oil (iv) micro-cogen (also known as micro-CHP), fired by gas, LPG, oil or solid fuel (v) flue gas heat recovery systems (FGHRS) (vi) mechanical ventilation systems (vii) waste water heat recovery systems (WWHRS) (viii) heat pumps www.boilers.org.uk

44. General Costs (PCDF)

45. Refining the Assessment The PCDF currently holds the heating systems in the RdSAP software to better model the SAP rating. In due course there will be the facility in the OA software to select specific appliances, to better Taylor the savings that can potentially be made by the customer. This will be a large part of the refining process that will invariably take place as the Green Deal assessment process moves forward.

46. Refining the assessment In-Use Factors There is longstanding evidence of a performance gap, which means a difference in savings than is predicted and is actually achieved in the property. It is not necessarily the case that products are not performing, but could be due to the fact some properties are not as standard as the models assume. Buildings across the UK vary in terms of their construction and their materials, particularly for existing dwellings. a. The difference between in-situ performance compared with laboratory test results. b. Imperfect installations. c.Obstructions to insulating parts of walls, e.g. due to garages or conservatories. d. Comfort taking by the household, where some households may choose to heat their homes to a higher temperature. f.The household failing to operate the product/system effectively. An in-use factor has been set for each measure, rather than a blanket reduction for a Green Deal package irrespective of the measure.

47. Refining the Assessment: In-Use Factors In-use Factors The in-use factor will be applied to each measure that is installed with Green Deal finance. If more than one measure is installed in a package, the in-use factors should be applied sequentially.

48. Potential Future Measures Potential future measures: District heating (non-domestic) + Voltage optimisation (domestic) Appendix Q is how new products will be introduced into SAP

49. Appendix Q Appendix Q: Special features and specific data Appendix Q of SAP is the route through which information, including, but not limited to product performance data, is made available to energy performance assessors that was not available when SAP was published. It is also the means by which test and calculation methodologies can be agreed that can be used to measure product performance and when how that performance can be treated in SAP. It can be found at: http://www.sap-appendixq.org.uk

50. The Occupancy Improvement Measures