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Hinduism

Hinduism. Beginnings. Evolved over centuries Polytheistic Deity - god Brahman – universal spirit. People began to ask…. Why are some people born into a life or ease while others are born into a life of poverty? What happens to people when they die?

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Hinduism

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  1. Hinduism

  2. Beginnings • Evolved over centuries • Polytheistic • Deity - god • Brahman – universal spirit

  3. People began to ask… • Why are some people born into a life or ease while others are born into a life of poverty? • What happens to people when they die? • How should we live our lives before we die?

  4. Hinduism • Main religion of India today • Share certain beliefs, values, or traditions • Beliefs and celebrations may vary based on region • 837 million Hindus - worldwide

  5. Hinduism - Beliefs • Search for truth • Most believe gods help to achieve goals • Same gods as family or caste

  6. Polytheism • Belief in more than one god • Gods are incarnate of Brahman • Believe everything in the world is part of Brahman

  7. Atman • Soul • Holds person’s personality

  8. Goal of Christians To become “free” of sin and be united with God

  9. Hindu Goal • Unite the soul with Brahman • Soul will eventually join Brahman because the world is viewed as an illusion (maya) • Must see through the illusion • Brahman is the only reality

  10. 3 Ways to achieve goal… • Devotion • Wisdom • Right Actions

  11. Reincarnation • Hard to see through illusion • Takes several lifetimes • The belief in the rebirth of the soul into another body • Form of body depends on ….

  12. Karma • The sum/effects that good and bad actions have on a person’s soul • Evil/bad actions = bad karma = reborn in lower caste or life form

  13. Got up late • Did not make bed • Gripped about breakfast • Sassy to mom • Did not do history homework • Helped student pick up books • Tripped student walking by • Late to class • Offered to help pass out papers -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -5

  14. Karma • Good karma brings salvation • Affects present and future lives

  15. Dharma • Spiritual duties/laws that each person should fulfill • Led to preservation of the caste system • It required and taught accepting one’s place in life

  16. Ahimsa • Belief in nonviolence • Many did not kill living things

  17. Moksha • Salvation; liberation • Freedom from life’s worries and cycle of rebirth

  18. 3 Main Gods • Brahma – Creator • Vishnu – Preserver • Shiva – Destroyer

  19. Brahma • The Creator • Vehicle: swan • has 4 heads, 4 arms, and a reddish complexion • not commonly worshipped • not to be confused with Brahman (the ground of all being) or the Brahmin (priestly caste)

  20. Vishnu • The Preserver • Vehicle: garuda (bird) • has 4 arms, a blueish complexion, and rests on a snake • was incarnated (born as an animal or human) nine times with one more still to come

  21. Avatar • God who descends to earth • Incarnation of a deity who comes to earth in human or animal form

  22. Anti-clockwise from left top corner: Matsya, Kurma, Varaha, Narasimha, Vamana, Parshurama, Rama, Krishna, Buddha, Kalki surround Vishnu

  23. Shiva • Shiva • The Destroyer / Transformer • Vehicle: bull • has matted hair, a third eye, a blue throat and a trident in his hand

  24. Saraswati • Goddess of knowledge, music, and the arts • Vehicle: swan • wife of Brahma • sits on a white lotus playing a veena

  25. Parvati • The Divine Mother • Vehicle: lion • the reincarnation of Shiva's first wife • has many forms, such as the popular Durga and Kali; often shown together with Saraswati and Lakshmi as the tridevi ('triple goddess')

  26. Ganesh • God of the intellect and the remover of obstacles • Vehicle: mouse • son of Shiva & Parvati • has an elephant's head

  27. Murugan • God of war • Vehicle: peacock • son of Shiva & Parvati • also known as Skanda

  28. Durga • A fiercer form of Parvati • Vehicle: tiger • has ten arms holding many weapons

  29. Kali • Goddess of time and death • Vehicle: donkey • usually portrayed as dark and violent

  30. Rama • Rama • The 7th avatar (incarnation) of Vishnu • the central figure in the epic story Ramayana

  31. Krishna • Krishna • The 8th avatar (incarnation) of Vishnu • usually portrayed as a child and a prankster; often shown playing the flute

  32. Hanuman • an ape-like god known for assisting Rama • Worshipped as a symbol of physical strength, perseverance and devotion

  33. Surya • God of the Sun • pulled on a chariot by horses

  34. Diw(v)ali • Oct. / Nov. – lunar calendar • Festival of lights – light the path for Lakshmi • 4th day – visit friends/family; exchange gifts

  35. Not all followed Hinduism… Many looked to new religious ideas!

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