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Energy Efficiency and Storage Flexibility in the Blue File System

This paper discusses the Blue File System (BlueFS), a file system that overcomes barriers to pervasive data access by providing adaptive cache hierarchy, energy efficiency, and integration of portable storage.

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Energy Efficiency and Storage Flexibility in the Blue File System

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  1. Energy Efficiency and Storage Flexibility in the Blue File System Edmund B Nightingale Jason Flinn University of Michigan

  2. Towards Ubiquitous Data Access • Pervasive computing: anywhere anytime any device • Ubiquitous WiFi access • Mobile storage Barriers to pervasive data access: • Varying I/O performance • Energy hogs! • Stale, inconsistent data • BlueFS overcomes these barriers The Blue File System

  3. Change is Constant • Access times vary across storage devices • Wireless networks are highly variable • Power management affects performance • BlueFS provides an adaptive cache hierarchy The Blue File System

  4. Power to the People • Distributed file systems use power hungry devices • Distributed file systems not designed for energy • BlueFS “clean sheet design” for energy efficiency The Blue File System

  5. You Can Take it with You • Want to leverage the benefits of portable storage • Portable storage is not a mobile data panacea • Can be lost, stolen, damaged • Sharing is hard • More replication = higher chances of stale/inconsistent data • BlueFS integrates portable storage into file system The Blue File System

  6. Organization • Motivation • The Blue File System • Evaluation • Related Work • Conclusion The Blue File System

  7. > /BlueFS/ Local disk Local disk The Blue File System Work Home BlueFS Server > /BlueFS/ The Blue File System

  8. 1 2 Unlink Unlink Create Create Mkdir Write Mkdir Write 2 1 1 2 1 2 Write to Many • Asynchrony improves performance • Aggregating writes saves energy VFS Ops To microdrive To BlueFS Server BlueFS The Blue File System

  9. Microdrive Read From Any > cat /BlueFS/foo • BlueFS monitors cost of reading data from each device • Pick device best performance, least energy Blk 1 BlueFS Server BlueFS Blk 2 The Blue File System

  10. Self Tuning Power Management Power Management • BlueFS integrated with power management strategies • When a device transitions, BlueFS is notified Hints State Transitions BlueFS The Blue File System

  11. Hiding device transitions 5) Network transitions to PSM 1) Network accesses Network 2) Ghost hints issued 3) Disk spins up 4) Disk accesses begin Disk The Blue File System

  12. Cache Management • Storage devices treated as cache • BlueFS decides which files to cache • When a device fills up, LRU used to make space • Affinity: file always on portable storage The Blue File System

  13. Local disk Local disk Cache Consistency Work Home BlueFS Server > /BlueFS/ > /BlueFS/ The Blue File System

  14. Evaluation Goals • How does performance of BlueFS compare to other DFS? • What benefit does an adaptive cache hierarchy provide? • How well does BlueFS support portable storage? • How much does BlueFS reduce client energy usage? • How does BlueFS perform with heterogeneous storage? The Blue File System

  15. Comparing BlueFS to other DFS • Andrew benchmark: Untar, configure, make, delete Apache source • BlueFS 10x faster than NFS, 16% faster than Coda WD 6000.0 The Blue File System

  16. Benefits of Adaptive Cache Hierarchy • Read various files with the disk in standby mode • BlueFS reads 4k files up to 60x faster than ext2 The Blue File System

  17. Support for Portable Storage • Ran a file system trace as fast as possible using portable storage • BlueFS 44% faster than Lookaside, up to 3x faster for high latency The Blue File System

  18. Energy Efficient Data Access • Ran first 10,000 ops of Purcell trace with half full cache • Reduces interactive delay 76%, 55% less energy than Coda The Blue File System

  19. Heterogeneous Storage • Added 16 MB flash to BlueFS, ran Purcell with full local cache • With flash BlueFS reduces interactive delay 48%, 25% less energy The Blue File System

  20. Related Work • AFS [Howard et al] • Coda [Kistler et al] & lookaside caching [Tolia et al] • PersonalRAID [Sobti et al] • Segank [Sobti et al] • Cooperative I/O [Weissel et al] • LBFS [Muthitacharoen et al] The Blue File System

  21. Conclusions • BlueFS enables ubiquitous data access by: • Adapting to device characteristics • Reducing mobile computer energy usage • Seamlessly integrating portable storage • Source: http://notrump.eecs.umich.edu/group/group.html The Blue File System

  22. Applications Wolverine To BlueFS Server Up-call VFS Operations LinuxFile Cache BlueFSKernel Module USBStick CardFlash Micro-drive Local Disk LinuxKernel System Architecture The Blue File System

  23. BFS Kernel • Intercepts Linux VFS calls • Communicates with Wolverine through pseudo-device driver • Caches and invalidates data & metadata in Linux file cache • Operations redirected to Wolverine • Enables support for devices with different consistency semantics The Blue File System

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