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Economic Growth and Colonial Policies in American Colonies

Explore how England's Mercantilist policies shaped the colonial economies, self-government origins, regionalism, and tensions in the American colonies. Learn about the Navigation Acts, Salutary Neglect, and African American experiences.

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Economic Growth and Colonial Policies in American Colonies

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  1. Ch. 1 Section 3 Notes Growth of the American Colonies

  2. I. England’s Colonial Policies • English colonies in North America provided England with raw materials and bought English goods • England believed in Mercantilism, collecting as much gold as possible, and wanted to create a favorable balance of trade, bringing more gold in the country than out

  3. Navigation ACTS • 1. 13 colonies could only trade with England 2. Required use of ships made in England or colonies 3. No foreign competition (France, Spain, Portugal) 4. Required duty, tax; had to visit England before selling to other countries Salutary Neglect-England did not enforce the acts until 1763

  4. Origins of Self-Government • In most colonies, a governor was appointed by a king, and under him served a colonial legislature • Only male landowners allowed to vote Most white males did not own land

  5. Colonial Regionalism-Economies I. Southern Colonies (Virginia, Maryland, Georgia, Carolina’s) 1. Cash Crops: Tobacco and Rice 2. Required lots of land and labor

  6. Middle Colonies Maryland north to New York 1. “Bread Basket Colonies”-wheat, barley, rye 2. Large cities with diverse populations; merchants/traders

  7. New England colonies 1. American point of triangular trade, which also included Europe and Africa

  8. African Americans in the Colonies • Middle Passage-See triangular trade pg. 27; Forced transport of slaves from Africa to Americas • used in the South to cultivate tobacco • used in New England and Middle colonies, housework, cooks, et. • denied the right to travel or organize with slaves in other regions • Few free blacks; had limited opportunities (no vote)

  9. Emerging Tensions in the Colonies • Growth in the number of immigrants (Scotch-Irish, Germans) • Moved past the Ohio Valley • Caused trouble with native Americans • Great Awakening-Revival of Puritan religious faith. • Methodist and Baptist emerge in the South, with the idea that no group of people was better than another

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