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Introduction to GIS, GPS and remote sensing

Introduction to GIS, GPS and remote sensing. Neotech Institute of technology Department of Civil Engineering. Students name:- Pallavi T. Agrawal Imran S. Desai Akshay K. Dharmani

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Introduction to GIS, GPS and remote sensing

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  1. Introduction to GIS, GPS and remote sensing Neotech Institute of technology Department of Civil Engineering Students name:- Pallavi T. Agrawal Imran S. Desai Akshay K. Dharmani Praveen G. Jeedi Aakash M. Kuruvath Guided By:- Ruchi P. Barve Daivakshi B. Bhatt Neotech Institute of Technology

  2. Introduction to GIS • Geo:- EARTH • Geography:- Study of earth and where things are. • Information:- For capturing, managing, analyzing and understanding Information. • System:- A set of Software, hardware and Data Neotech Institute of Technology

  3. What Is GIS:- • Geographical Information System (GIS) is a computer based information system used to digitally represent and analyze the geographic features present on the Earth’s surface and the events that taking place on it. • Geographic Information Systems provide a method for integrating and analyzing spatial (digital map based) information such as "where is the nearest movie theater?" • Objectives of GIS • To collect, analyses and manipulate spatial data • To produce map • To support research activities Neotech Institute of Technology

  4. Key Components of GIS:- Neotech Institute of Technology

  5. Hardware: it consist of the computer hardware system on which the GIS software runs. It is used to obtain input, processing, output and storage of data • Software: it provide the functions and tools that are necessary to store, analyses and display geographical information • Approaches (analysis): it consist of hardware , software and producers to support the data capture , storage and display of geospatial data. 4. Data: GIS incorporates geographical features with data in order to map, analyze, and assess real-world problems. 5. people: there must always be people to plan, implement and operate the system as well as to make decisions based on the output. Neotech Institute of Technology

  6. Application of GIS • Engineering mapping • Tax mapping • Highway mapping • Census mapping • Land use planning • Environmental impact studies • Urban and regional planning Neotech Institute of Technology

  7. GPS (global positioning system) • Satellite based navigation system. • Based on a constellation of about 24 satellites • Developed by the United States Department of Defense (DOD) Neotech Institute of Technology

  8. The GPS is comprised of three segment • Satellite constellation called space segment: it provide the ranging signals and data messages to the user equipment. • Operational control segment: it track and maintain the satellite in the space • User equipment segment: it performs the navigation, timing or other related function Neotech Institute of Technology

  9. Uses and applications: Neotech Institute of Technology

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  11. Remote sensing Definition of Remote Sensing “ Remote sensing is the science (and to some extent, art) of acquiring information about the Earth's surface without actually being in contact with it. This is done by sensing and recording reflected or emitted energy and processing, analyzing, and applying that information" Neotech Institute of Technology

  12. Remote sensing process Neotech Institute of Technology

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  14. Energy Source or Illumination (A) - the first requirement for remote sensing is to have an energy source which illuminates or provides electromagnetic energy to the target of interest. • Radiation and the Atmosphere (B) - as the energy travels from its source to the target, it will come in contact with and interact with the atmosphere it passes through. This interaction may take place a second time as the energy travels from the target to the sensor. • Interaction with the Target (C) - once the energy makes its way to the target through the atmosphere, it interacts with the target depending on the properties of both the target and the radiation. • Recording of Energy by the Sensor (D) - after the energy has been scattered by, or emitted from the target, we require a sensor (remote - not in contact with the target) to collect and record the electromagnetic radiation. Neotech Institute of Technology

  15. Transmission, Reception, and Processing (E) - the energy recorded by the sensor has to be transmitted, often in electronic form, to a receiving and processing station where the data are processed into an image (hardcopy and/or digital). • Interpretation and Analysis (F) - the processed image is interpreted, visually and/or digitally or electronically, to extract information about the target which was illuminated. • Application (G) - the final element of the remote sensing process is achieved when we apply the information we have been able to extract from the imagery about the target in order to better understand it, reveal some new information, or assist in solving a particular problem. Neotech Institute of Technology

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  17. THANK YOU Neotech Institute of Technology

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